清代太妃太嫔的尊封研究  

On Title-Conferring upon The Concubines of The Deceased Emperors of The Qing Dynasty

作　　者：沈欣[1] Shen Xin

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院科研处

出　　处：《故宫博物院院刊》2020年第1期27-37,108,共12页Palace Museum Journal

摘　　要：清代对太妃太嫔等女性的尊封起于顺治九年,此后经历由择位尊封向普遍尊封,由加封号向晋位次的两个转变,逐步形成的尊封办法与仪制,遵循又丰富了清代后宫尊封制度。按惯例,太妃太嫔随居皇太后宫,然自咸丰朝新辟寿安宫作皇祖辈后宫居所,至同治朝,皇太后等前朝后宫移居同一区域的惯例不复存在。太妃太嫔得到后世皇帝的有序尊封,是清代维护皇权统治的重要手段,对后宫女性及其家族具有重要意义。Conferring titles upon the imperial concubines of the deceased emperors began in the 9^th year of Emperor Shunzhi’s(顺治) period, and it went through reforms twice successively----to confer titles on everyone instead of the selected ones, to invest status ranks instead of titles, which formed the regulations and rites, then developed into a complete system on conferring titles on the imperial concubines of the Qing dynasty. As was required, any concubines of the deceased emperors lived together with Empress Dowager. However, Emperor Xianfeng(咸丰) ordered the Shouangong Palace was renovated as the residential area of the imperial grandmothers, and empress dowagers were no longer assembled under one roof with other former concubines to Emperor Tongzhi’s( 同治) day. The system worked as an important means for the Qing Court to consolidate the imperial power everlasting, which was also much meaningful to the court concubines and their families.

关 键 词：清代 太妃太嫔 后宫 尊封制度 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]