Ag纳米线/聚乙烯醇复合材料制备及其电磁脉冲响应特性  

Preparation and electromagnetic pulse response characteristics of Ag nanowires/polyvinyl alcohol composites

作　　者：王庆国 卢聘 曲兆明 赵敏 王妍 成伟 孙肖宁 WANG Qingguo;LU Pin;QU Zhaoming;ZHAO Min;WANG Yan;CHENG Wei;SUN Xiaoning(National Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environment Effects,Army Engineering University,Shijiazhuang 050003,China;Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Laboratory,Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi’an 710024,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军工程大学电磁环境效应国家级重点实验室,石家庄050003 [2]西北核技术研究所高功率微波技术重点实验室,西安710024

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2020年第2期442-450,共9页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：电磁环境效应国家级重点实验室基金项目(614220504030617; 6142205180403)

摘　　要：为研究非线性导电复合材料在电磁脉冲作用下的响应特性,采用多元醇法合成了具有较高长径比的Ag纳米线(AgNWs),并以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基体,制备了不同体积分数的AgNWs/PVA复合材料样品。使用功率器件分析仪和脉冲响应测试系统分别测试AgNWs/PVA复合材料的场致非线性导电特性和电磁脉冲响应特性。结果表明, AgNWs/PVA复合材料在一定的体积分数区间内具有优异的非线性导电特性;在阈值电压下, AgNWs/PVA复合材料的电导率迅速增大,电流存在约四个数量级的大幅度的跃变,填充体积分数为1.05vol%的AgNWs/PVA复合材料非线性系数α可达1 959.89。在AgNWs/PVA复合材料的方波脉冲阈值电压附近,脉冲响应测试系统的示波器上输出波形的电压幅值出现了明显的衰减,表明在方波脉冲作用下AgNWs/PVA复合材料的电导率迅速增大。AgNWs/PVA复合材料具有电磁能量的低通特性,在具有信息收发功能的电子设备的强电磁脉冲防护领域具有广阔的应用前景。In order to investigate the response characteristics of composites under strong electromagnetic pulse, Ag nanowires(AgNWs) with high aspect ratio were synthesized using polyol method. AgNWs/polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) composite samples with different volume fractions were prepared using PVA as the matrix. The nonlinear conductive behaviors and electromagnetic pulse response characteristics of AgNWs/PVA composites were tested using a power device analyzer and a dynamic response testing system, respectively. The results show that AgNWs/PVA composites within a certain concentration range have excellent nonlinear conductivity characteristics. At the threshold voltage, the conductivity of AgNWs/PVA composites increases rapidly, and the current has a large jump of about 4 orders of magnitude. The nonlinear coefficient α of AgNWs/PVA composite with 1.05 vol% volume fraction of AgNWs can be up to 1 959.89. In the vicinity of the square pulse threshold voltage of AgNWs/PVA compo-sites, the voltage amplitude of the output waveform attenuates effectively, which reveals that the conductivity of the AgNWs/PVA composites increases sharply under strong electromagnetic pulse. The AgNWs/PVA composites have the low-pass characteristics of electromagnetic energy, and have a broad application prospect in the field of strong electromagnetic pulse protection of electronic equipment with the function of sending and receiving information.

关 键 词：AG纳米线 非线性导电特性 非线性系数 阈值电压 量子隧道效应 强电磁脉冲 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]