加铝熔炼—酸浸回收镍基高温合金废料  

Recycling of Nickel-based Superalloy Waste by Aluminum Addition Smelting-Acid Leaching

作　　者：王勃 樊家豪 邢鹏飞 高帅波 都兴红 WANG Bo;FAN Jiahao;XING Pengfei;GAO Shuaibo;DU Xinghong(School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110004,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学冶金学院

出　　处：《有色金属工程》2020年第1期42-46,61,共6页Nonferrous Metals Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1901804);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0310302)~~

摘　　要：采用加铝熔炼-酸浸技术回收镍基高温合金废料,首先采用加铝熔炼技术制备加铝合金,然后利用机械破碎方式破碎加铝合金制备加铝合金粉,最后用盐酸浸出合金粉回收合金废料中的钴镍等金属。结果表明,加铝熔炼过程中铝加入质量分数为30%,熔炼温度为1600℃时所得加铝合金质脆、易破碎,破碎后所得合金粉粒度小且粒度分布窄,破碎合金粉粒度D90为20μm左右。对此合金粉采用盐酸浸出的效果比采用硫酸的好,最佳盐酸浸出工艺条件为:盐酸浓度5mol/L、温度85℃、液固比10mL/g、浸出时间60min,在此条件下合金中的镍钴铝铬等元素进入浸出液,而钛、钼等稀有元素主要富集在渣中,合金中各金属的浸出率在80%~90%。The nickel-based superalloy waste was recovered by aluminum-added smelting-acid leaching technology.Firstly,the aluminum alloy was prepared by aluminum-added smelting technology,then the aluminum alloy powder was prepared by mechanical crushing,and finally metals such as cobalt and nickel in the alloy waste were recovered by hydrochloric acid leaching alloy powder.The results show that during the aluminum smelting process,when the mass fraction of added aluminum is 30%and the melting temperature is 1600℃,the aluminum alloy is brittle and easily broken.After breaking,the crushed alloy powder has a small particle size and a narrow particle size distribution,and the particle size of the broken alloy powder D90 is about 20μm.The effect of hydrochloric acid leaching of the alloy powder is better than that with sulfuric acid.The optimal hydrochloric acid leaching process conditions are:hydrochloric acid concentration is 5 mol/L,the temperature is 85℃,the liquidsolid ratio 10 mL/g,and the leaching time 60 min.Under these conditions,nickel,cobalt,aluminum,chromium and other elements in the alloy enter the leaching solution,and rare elements such as titanium and molybdenum are mainly enriched in the slag.The leaching rate of each metal in the alloy is 80%-90%.

关 键 词：镍基高温合金 合金熔炼 酸浸 浸出率 

分 类 号：TF803.1[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF803.2