不同方式长期运动对老年女性骨密度的影响  

Effect of long-term exercise in different ways on bone mineral density in elderly women

作　　者：赵静[1] 程亮 ZHAO Jing;CHENG Liang(Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010;Sichuan Sport College,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学,四川绵阳621010 [2]四川体育职业学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国骨质疏松杂志》2020年第1期50-53,共4页Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis

基　　金：四川省教育厅人文社科重点项目(18SA0271)

摘　　要：目的探讨长期太极拳、快走和广场舞运动对老年女性骨密度的影响,比较不同运动方式对骨密度影响的差异。方法以走访和问卷方式募集平均运动时间2年以上的太极组(n=136)、快走组(n=152)、广场舞组(n=129)和年龄相匹配的无特别运动爱好的对照组(n=114),XR 46型双能X线测试所有受试者右侧股骨近端(股骨颈、Ward’s三角区和大转子)和腰椎L2-L4的骨密度。结果太极组股骨颈、大转子和腰椎L2-L4的骨密度显著大于对照组(P<0.05);快走组大转子和腰椎L2-L4骨密度显著大于对照组(P<0.05);广场舞组大转子骨密度显著大于对照组(P<0.05),腰椎L2-L4骨密度极显著大于对照组(P<0.01);太极组股骨颈骨密度显著大于快走组(P<0.05)。结论长期太极拳、快走和广场舞运动对老年女性大转子和腰椎骨密度有积极影响,太极拳运动预防老年女性股骨颈骨密度减小有更好的效果。Objective To investigate the effect of long-term traditional Chinese shadow boxing,fast walking,and square dance on bone mineral density(BMD)in elderly women and to compare the effect of different exercise styles on BMD.Methods The women who were engaged in average exercise time of more than 2 years were divided in shadow boxing group(n=136),brisk walking group(n=152),and square dance group(n=129).The age-matched women without special sports interests were divide in the control group(n=114).Data were collected by means of interviews and questionnaires.BMD of right proximal femur(femoral neck,Ward's triangle,and trochanter)and lumbar L2-4 among the participants was measured using XR^46 dual energy X-ray.Results BMD of the femoral neck,trochanter and lumbar vertebra L2-4 in shadow boxing group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).BMD in trochanter and lumbar vertebrae L2-4 in brisk-walking group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).BMD of trochanter in square dance group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),and BMD of lumbar L2-4 was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.01).BMD of the femoral neck in shadow boxing group was significantly higher than that in brisk-walking group(P<0.05).Conclusion Long-term shadow boxing,brisk walking,and square dance exercises have positive effects on BMD of the great trochanter and lumbar vertebrae in elderly women.Shadow boxing exercise has a better effect on preventing the decrease of BMD of the femoral neck in elderly women.

关 键 词：太极拳 快走 广场舞 老年女性 骨密度 运动方式 

分 类 号：G819[文化科学—体育学] R68[医药卫生—骨科学]