水分胁迫对不同耐旱性玉米土壤水分消耗、水分利用和产量的影响  

Effects of Water Stress on Soil Water Consumption, Water Use and Grain Yield of Maize Hybrids Differing in Drought Tolerance

作　　者：蒿宝珍 马静丽 方保停[4] 姜丽娜[3] 赵凌霄 翁正鹏 朱娅林 HAO Bao-zhen;MA Jing-li;FANG Bao-ting;JIANG Li-na;ZHAO Ling-xiao;WENG Zheng-peng;ZHU Ya-lin(Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,CAAS/National Agro-ecological System Observation and Research Station of Shangqiu,Xinxiang 453007;School of Life Science and Technology,Xinxiang University,Xinxiang 453000;College of Life Sciences,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007;Wheat Research Center,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/河南商丘农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,河南新乡453002 [2]新乡学院生命科学技术学院,河南新乡453000 [3]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007 [4]河南省农业科学院小麦研究中心,郑州450002

出　　处：《玉米科学》2019年第6期68-73,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(172102110154);“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300700,2017YFD0301101);河南商丘农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站开放课题(FIRI2018–08-01);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(17B210011);博士科研启动项目(1366020075,1399020175)

摘　　要：以郑单958(耐旱性强)和驻玉309(耐旱性弱)为供试材料,通过池栽试验研究水分胁迫对两个玉米品种的吐丝前后土壤水消耗、水分利用和子粒产量的影响。正常供水下,两个品种吐丝前和吐丝后土壤水消耗量、生育期耗水量、水分利用效率和子粒产量均无显著差异。水分胁迫下,全生育期各土层(0.2~1.6 m)水分消耗量均为郑单958少于驻玉309,吐丝前和吐丝后郑单958土壤水消耗量分别比驻玉309少12 mm和21mm,且分别以0.2~0.4 m(吐丝前)和0.8~1.0 m(吐丝后)土层品种间差异最大。水分胁迫下,郑单958和驻玉309的生育期耗水量分别为454 mm和487 mm,子粒产量分别为8320 kg/hm^2和7290 kg/hm^2,表明水分胁迫条件下,耐旱品种郑单958以较少的水分消耗生产更多子粒,表现出较高的水分利用效率。Zhengdan958(strong drought tolerance hybrid) and Zhuyu309(weak drought tolerance hybrid) were used as experimental materials to investigate the soil water consumption, seasonal water use, water use efficiency and grain yield. The results showed that, under the condition of sufficient water, no significant differences in soil water consumption, seasonal water use, WUE or grain yield were documented between the two hybrids. Under water stress, the soil water consumption in each layer of the 0.2-1.6 m profile was greater in Zhengdan958 and Zhuyu309,and the soil water consumption during the presilking and postsillking period in Zhengdan958 was 12 mm and 21 mm less than in Zhuyu309, respectively. Also, the most difference of soil water consumption between two hybrids during the presilking and postsillking period was found in 0.2–0.4 m and 0.8–1.0 m soil layer, respectively. Under water stress, the seasonal water use of Zhengdan958 and Zhuyu309 was 454 mm and 487 mm, respectively, and the grain yield was 8 320 kg/ha and 7 290 kg/ha, respectively, which indicated that Zhengdan958 produced more grain with less seasonal water use and had higher water use efficiency compared to Zhuyu309.

关 键 词：夏玉米 干旱 产量 耗水量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]