黄芪Astragali Radix与其伪品饮片的分子鉴别  

Molecular Identification of Astragali Radix and its Counterfeit Pieces

作　　者：王伟 原野 南蓬[1] WANG Wei;YUAN Ye;NAN Peng(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Eco-engineering,School of Life Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生命科学学院生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2020年第1期64-72,共9页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划疾病研究精准医学知识库构建项目（2016YFC0901903）

摘　　要：黄芪是一种常用的中药材,具有增强机体免疫力、抗病毒、抗衰老、强心等重要的药用价值.然而,随着黄芪的需求不断提升,市面上逐渐涌现出一批黄芪的伪品.许多中药材一般以干燥根部的切片入药,传统形态鉴别法及理化鉴别法无法准确有效地进行区分,而黄芪正品与伪品的分子鉴别手段鲜见报道.本研究以正品膜荚黄芪、蒙古黄芪及伪品多序岩黄芪、紫苜蓿、锦鸡儿、大野豌豆、背扁黄芪和梭果黄芪为材料,利用DNA条形码技术,选取ITS、rbcL、psbA-trnH 3种通用DNA条形码来探究其在黄芪正品与伪品鉴别中的应用.实验结果表明:单一DNA条形码的鉴别效率较低,无法将所有的正品与伪品区分,组合DNA条形码明显具有更高的分辨率,聚类树支持率更高,结果更可靠.因此,建议将rbcL+psbA-trnH,rbcL+ITS+psbA-trnH或ITS+psbA-trnH组合作为准确有效的黄芪正品与伪品的鉴别标准.Huangqi is a commonly used Chinese Herbal Medicine,which has important medical values such as enhancing immunity,anti-virus,anti-aging and strengthening heart.With the increasing demand of Huangqi,a batch of fake products has gradually emerged into the market.Conventional morphological and physicochemical identification methods can t distinguish them accurately and effectively because traditional Chinese Medicines are customarily used in dry root slices.Moreover,Molecular identification methods are rarely reported.Using the meterials of Astragalus membranaceus,Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus,Medicago sativa,Astragalus ernestii,Astragalus complanatus,Hedysarum polybotrys,Caragana sinica and Vicia gigantea,three general DNA barcode(ITS,rbcL,psbA-trnH)were selected to explore their applications in the identification of authentic and counterfeit products of Huangqi.The results showed that combined DNA barcodes have higher resolution and support ratio of cluster trees than single DNA barcode.Taken together,rbcL+psbA-trnH,rbcL+ITS+psbA-trnH or ITS+psbA-trnH can be used as an accurate and effective identification standard for authentic and counterfeit Huangqi.

关 键 词：DNA条形码 黄芪 伪品 分子鉴别 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学]