苯菌灵添加对植物种间竞争的影响：以加拿大一枝黄花与野大豆为例  

Effects of Benomyl Addition on Plant Interspecific Competition:Taking Solidago canadensis and Glycine sojaas an Example

作　　者：吕盈和 邱士允 李博[1,2] LV Yinghe;QIU Shiyun;LI Bo(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China;Institute of Biodiversity Science,School of Life Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,上海200438 [2]复旦大学生命科学学院生物多样性科学研究所,上海200438

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2020年第1期73-82,共10页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（41630528,31901228）;国家重点研发计划（2017YFC1200100）

摘　　要：共生微生物在植物的种间竞争与植物入侵过程中起到重要作用,而人类活动的干扰会破坏植物与土壤微生物间的共生关系,进而影响植物的种间竞争.为了探究干扰导致的共生关系破坏对植物种间竞争的影响及其可能的生态学后果,本研究选取土著植物野大豆(Glycine soja)与外来入侵植物加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)为研究对象,使用苯菌灵抑制植物与土壤微生物之间的相互作用强度.结果显示,苯菌灵的添加主要抑制了植物与土壤微生物(菌根真菌、根瘤菌)的互利共生.对于苯菌灵导致的共生作用破坏,两种植物产生了不同的生长响应(野大豆叶根比不变,加拿大一枝黄花叶根比上升).这导致种间竞争条件下,野大豆的地下及地上竞争能力降低,植物的种间竞争平衡发生变化.本研究的结果表明,干扰导致的共生关系破坏对土著植物野大豆的影响大于对加拿大一枝黄花的影响,进而间接促进了外来植物加拿大一枝黄花的入侵.Symbiotic microorganisms play an important role in plant interspecific competition and plant invasion.While anthropogenic disturbance will destroy the mutualistic associations between plants and soil microorganisms,which in turn influences the interspecific competition of plants.In order to explore the effect of the disturbance-induced mutualism disruption on plant interspecific competition and its possible ecological consequences,the native plant Glycine soja and the alien invasive plant Solidago canadensis were chosen as research objects,and benomyl was used to inhibit the strength of interaction between plants and soil microorganisms.The results showed that the addition of benomyl mainly inhibited the mutualistic symbiosis between plants and soil microorgansims(i.e.,mycorrhizal fungi,rhizobium).The growth responses of G.soja and S.canadensis were different to the mutualism disruption caused by benomyl addition(i.e.,leaf area/root biomass ratio of G.soja didn t change while leaf area/root biomass ratio of S.Canadensis increased).This resulted in a decreased belowground and aboveground competitive capacity of G.soja in interspecific competition,and a change in the competitive balance.The results indicate that the destruction of symbiosis caused by disturbance has a more negative effect on G.soja than on S.canadensis,which indirectly promotes the invasion of exotic S.canadensis.

关 键 词：干扰 植物入侵 共生作用 加拿大一枝黄花 种间竞争 地上竞争 地下竞争 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]