数据挖掘在考古遗址功能研究中的应用--以乌兰木伦遗址第一地点微痕研究为例  

Application of Data Mining in the Functional Studies of Archaeological Sites:A Case Study on Loc.1 of Wulanmulun Site

作　　者：陈虹[1] 黄永梁 Chen Hong;Huang Yongliang(School of Art and Archaeology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310028,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学艺术与考古学院,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2019年第6期208-218,共11页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题(18NDJC165YB);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目。

摘　　要：数据挖掘是从大量数据中提取隐含未知信息的过程,能够有效处理大批量数据。基于2012-2017年对内蒙古乌兰木伦旧石器时代遗址第一地点全地层石制品的微痕观察数据和测量数据,利用Apriori算法和K-means聚类算法进行关联规则挖掘和聚类分析,探索其遗址结构,结果显示:一方面,乌兰木伦遗址第一地点确实存在一个动物屠宰加工的场所,并在某一阶段被集中使用;另一方面,被用来进行某种行为的石制品在长度、宽度、长宽比、厚度和重量等方面具有共同特征,同时,主要运动方式、加工材料、行为所对应的石制品的规格比较相近。Understanding hominin behaviors is an essential goal of Palaeolithic archaeology.As places where hominins used to live,archaeological sites are vital for identifying traces of hominin activities and reconstructing hominins’life in the past.Therefore,archaeological sites have been analyzed from various perspectives,among which site structure analysis is believed to be one of the best ways.The site structure of archaeological sites is closely related to the function of artefacts found in situ,for the cluster of artefacts with similar functions indicates potential spatial differentiation of tasks.In Paleolithic archaeology,use-wear analysis has been widely used to recognize the function of artefacts used by hominins,especially lithic tools.However,notwithstanding its wide application and powerful potential,use-wear analysis can only provide function information of each piece of stone artefact,failing to tell the relationships among the assemblage.Thus,the method of data mining is introduced in this paper to fill this gap.Data mining is the process of extracting hidden and unknown information from a large amount of data.Following its previous successful applications on the study of intra-site spatial patterns of Neolithic settlements,this paper will use data mining approaches to cope with the huge amount of data acquired from use-wear analysis on lithic tools,using association rules and cluster analysis to identify the possible correlation among lithic tools.Data from the Loc.1 of Wulanmulun sites are analyzed in this paper.Wulanmulun site is an important Middle Pleistocene archaeological site located in the northern bank of Wulanmulun River,Ordos,Inner Mongolia.After years of excavation,three locations have been found and abundant hominin remains have been uncovered,among which about 4 200 lithic tools,3 400 fauna fossils,two fire-use remains and two animal footprint features were found in Loc.1 during the excavation from 2010 to 2011.The dating results show that the age of Wulanmulun site is65-50 kya,and it falls

关 键 词：乌兰木伦遗址 数据挖掘 关联规则 聚类分析 遗址功能 微痕分析 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]