开食料中性洗涤纤维水平对犊牛生长性能、血清生化指标和抗氧化功能的影响  

Effects of NDF Level of Starter on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Antioxidant Indices in Calves

作　　者：任春燕 毕研亮[1,2] 郭艳丽[3] 杜汉昌 于博[4] 屠焰 刁其玉 REN ChunYan;BI YanLiang;GUO YanLi;DU HanChang;YU Bo;TU Yan;DIAO QiYu(Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing100081;Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition,Beijing 100081;College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070;Shandong YinXiangWeiYe Group Co,Ltd,Heze 274400,Shandong)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所/农业部饲料生物技术重点试验室,北京100081 [2]奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京100081 [3]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [4]山东银香伟业集团有限公司,山东菏泽274400

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2020年第2期440-450,共11页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0500502）;公招博士科研启动基金（GAU-KYQD-2018-28）

摘　　要：【目的】探究开食料中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量对犊牛生长发育、血清生化指标及抗氧化性能的影响,为犊牛开食料的合理配制提供试验依据。【方法】选取平均体重为(42〒2.5)kg的60头(包括36头公犊牛,24头母犊牛)新生荷斯坦犊牛,随机分为4个试验组,每组15头(9头公犊牛+6头母犊牛),15日龄起依次饲喂10%(10N)、15%(15N)、20%(20N)和25%(25N)NDF水平的开食料。试验犊牛单个饲养于犊牛岛,70日龄断奶,饲喂至112日龄。每日记录开食料采食量,每两周称量犊牛的体重,于35和112日龄测量犊牛的体尺,35、70、90和112日龄空腹颈静脉抽血测定血液生化和抗氧化指标。【结果】(1)70-112日龄,犊牛开食料采食量10N组显著低于25N组(P<0.5);42-70日龄,20N和25N组NDF采食量显著高于10N和15N组(P<0.05);70-112日龄,NDF采食量随开食料NDF水平升高而显著增加(P<0.05);(2)70-112和15-112日龄,15N组犊牛体增重显著高于其他三组(P<0.05),分别高出12.67%、43.56%、30.17%和6.16%、18.09%、15.16%;15N组体高显著高于20N和25N组(P<0.05),体斜长和胸围显著高于25N组。(3)90日龄,15N组血清球蛋白含量显著高于其他三组,白球比显著低于其他三组(P<0.05);112日龄,血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶含量随NDF水平的提高而显著降低(P<0.05)。(4)35、70和112日龄,15N、20N和25N组血清超氧化物歧化酶浓度显著高于10N(P<0.05)组,血清丙二醛浓度低于10N组。【结论】犊牛开食料中NDF水平直接影响进食量和体增重,15-112日龄荷斯坦犊牛开食料中NDF的适宜水平为15%。【Objective】 The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different neutral detergent fiber(NDF) levels of starter on growth performance, blood biochemical and antioxidant indices of calves.【Method】Sixty new born dairy calves(24 females and 36 males) with body weight(42 ± 2.5) kg were randomly assigned to four treatment groups(10 N, 15 N, 20 N and 25 N) with nine male calves and six female calves each. Each group was fed one of the four starters which had different NDF level s(10%,15%, 20% and 25%, respectively). Starter intake was measured daily, and body weight of calves was measured every two weeks. The body sizes of calves were measured at 35 and 112 days of age, respectively. The concentrations of serum biochemical and antioxidant indices were determined at 35, 70, 90 and 112 days of age prior to morning feeding.【Result】(1) At the age of 70-112 days, the starter intake of calve in 10 N group was significantly lower than that in 25 N group(P<0.5). At the age of 42-70 days, the NDF intake of calf in 20 N and 25 N groups were significantly higher than that of the 10 N and 15 N groups(P<0.05). The NDF intake of calve increased significantly with the dietary NDF level increasing during the 70-112 days(P<0.05).(2) At the age of 70-112 days and 15-112 days, the body weight gain was increased by 12.67%, 43.56%, 30.17% and 6.16%, 18.09%, 15.16%, respectively in group II than that in group 10 N, 20 N and 25 N(P<0.05). The wither height was significantly higher in group 15 N than that in group 20 N and 25 N(P<0.05). The body length and heart girth were significantly higher in group 15 N than in group 25 N(P<0.05).(3) At 90 days of age, serum globulin content of group 15 N was significantly higher than that of the other three groups, and ALB/GLB value was significantly lower than that of the other three groups(P<0.05). At 112 days of age, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly decreased with improved NDF level(P<0.05).(

关 键 词：犊牛 NDF水平 开食料 生长性能 血清生化指标 血清抗氧化指标 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]