有机无机复混肥在山地烤烟土壤中氮素的释放迁移  

Release and migration of nitrogen in mountain tobacco soil by organic-inorganic compound fertilizer

作　　者：佘文凯 武丽[1] 芶剑渝 彭玉龙 张远淑 李章海[3] SHE Wenkai;WU Li;GOU Jianyu;PENG Yulong;ZHANG Yuanshu;LI Zhanghai(School of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Zunyi Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company,Zunyi 563000;Tobacco and Health Research Center for China Science and Technology University,Hefei 230051)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,合肥230036 [2]贵州省烟草公司遵义市分公司,遵义563000 [3]中国科学技术大学烟草与健康研究中心,合肥230051

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2019年第6期1048-1054,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：复合微生物肥料研制与应用研究(201901)资助。

摘　　要：为探索黔北山地烤烟土壤条件下适宜的有机无机复混肥配方,通过塑料网框框栽试验,同时设不施肥和当地生产常规肥处理为对照,研究了自制有机无机复混肥在黔北山地烤烟土壤中垂直方向和水平方向上碱解氮的释放迁移。结果表明:在烤烟整个生育期内,不施肥处理土壤的0~20 cm、20~40 cm和40~60 cm深度垂直方向和7㎝处、14㎝水平方向碱解氮均呈线性下降趋势。在同一取样时期,2∶1有机无机复混肥、1∶1有机无机复混肥和当地生产常规肥在7㎝处和14㎝处的3个深度土壤碱解氮差异不明显;烤烟栽后50d,3种肥料距离施肥点越近土壤碱解氮均越高,和不施肥处理相比,有机无机复混肥比当地生产常规肥差异大。栽后0~125 d,3种肥料施肥区外土壤的碱解氮在0~25 d上升,25 d下降,施肥区外氮素释放强度为2∶1肥料≈1∶1肥料>当地常规生产肥,H1、H2比CK土壤碱解氮分别增高10.9%和10.7%。因此,不施肥在垂直和水平方向的土壤碱解氮呈线性下降,2∶1有机无机复混肥、1∶1有机无机复混肥和当地生产常规肥在不同深度土壤中的碱解氮差异不明显,有机无机复混肥中的碱解氮在水平方向上扩散迁移速度比当地生产常规肥慢,养分释放较适合烤烟生长所需。In order to explore the suitable formula of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer under the condition of flue-cured tobacco soil in Qianbei mountainous. The release and migration of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in flue-cured tobacco soil in mountainous of Qianbei areas were studied by using plastic planting experiment, while setting no fertilization and local conventional fertilizer treatment as control. The results showed that during the whole growth period of flue-cured tobacco, the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm depth and 7 cm and 14 cm horizontal direction showed a linear downward trend. At the same sampling period, there was no significant difference in alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen between 2:1 organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, 1:1 organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and local conventional fertilizer treatment at 7 cm and 14 cm. During 0-50 days after tobacco planting, the nearer the fertilizer application point to the soil, the higher the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen was. Comparing with non-fertilization treatment,the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was higher than the local conventional fertilizer production. During 0-125 days after planting, soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increased significantly during 0-25 days, decreased markedly during 25-50 days, and then decreased slowly. However, the release intensity of nitrogen outside the fertilization area was 2:1 organic-inorganic compound fertilizer ≈1:1 organic-inorganic compound fertilizer > local conventional fertilizer, and the average increase of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in H1 and H2 were 10.9% and 10.7% higher than CK during the whole growth period of flue-cured tobacco. Therefore, during the whole growth period of flue-cured tobacco, the soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in vertical and horizontal directions shows a linear downward trend without fertilization. The difference of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in different depth soils among 2:1 organic-inorganic compound fertilizer,

关 键 词：有机无机复混肥 山地烤烟 土壤 碱解氮 释放 

分 类 号：S572.06[农业科学—烟草工业]