真空安定性判据对几种新型高能量密度化合物的适用性研究  

Study on the Applicability of Vacuum Stability Criterion for Several New High Energy Density Compounds

作　　者：黄蒙 丁黎[1] 常海[1] 周静[1] 何少蓉[1] 张林军[1] 祝艳龙 安静[1] HUANG Meng;DING Li;CHANG Hai;ZHOU Jing;HE Shao-rong;ZHANG Lin-jun;ZHU Yan-long;AN Jing(Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2020年第1期39-44,共6页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.21805226)

摘　　要：为了研究真空安定性法对新型高能量密度化合物的适用性,采用NBK型“拉瓦”量气测试系统研究了4种新型高能量密度化合物CL-20、ADN、TNAZ、DNTF及典型一代、二代含能材料NC+NG(质量比50∶50)及RDX在恒温条件下的受热全分解过程,计算得到了其全分解放气量分别为653.53~662.38、613.80~619.82、624.04~636.23、601.52~629.82、594.52~617.25、和556.74~569.22 mL/g,真空安定性判据2 mL对应的反应深度都不超过0.4%,所对应的安全系数均大于2.5。通过对典型一代、二代含能材料及新型高能量密度化合物全分解过程的机理函数及动力学参数分析,由时温等效关系推算新型高能量密度化合物在100℃放气量达到判据2 mL的时间分别为7341~8967、2091~2808、438~664和3955~3997 h,所得结果均远大于真空安定性法规定的测试时长48 h。典型一代、二代含能材料NC+NG(质量比50∶50)及RDX在100℃受热分解放气量达到判据2 mL的时间分别为5191~6316 h和111~241 h。通过对比验证,证明几种新型高能量密度化合物可以沿用真空安定性试验2 mL判据。To determine the applicability of vacuum stability method to new high energy density compounds,the thermal decomposition processes of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20),ammonium dinitramide(ADN),1,3,3-trinitroazetidine(TNAZ),3,4-dinitrofuranzan oxyfurazan(DNTF),RDX and nitroglycerin/nitrocellulose(NC+NG)(mass ratio of 50∶50)under constant temperature were investigated by NBK LAWA gasometric measuring system.The calculated total decomposition evolved gas are 653.53—662.38,613.80—619.82,624.04—636.223,601.52—629.82,594.52—617.25 and 556.74—569.22 mL/g,respectively.The reaction depths of 2mL of vacuum stability criterion are all no more than 0.4%.The corresponding safety factors of all the samples are greater than 2.5.The decomposition mechanism functions and kinetic parameters of the typical traditional energetic materials and high energy density materials were analyzed.Through time—temperature equivalence relation,the decomposition time of high energy density materials to 2 mL at 100℃are 7341—8967,2091—2808,438—664 and 3955—3997 h,respectively,which are much longer than the test time of 48 h stipulated by vacuum stability method.The times for NC+NG(50∶50)and RDX to 2 mL at 100℃are 5191—6316 h and 111—241 h.By contrast verification,it is proved that the 2 mL criterion of vacuum stability method can be applied to these new high energy density compounds.

关 键 词：物理化学 热分解 动力学参数 真空安定性法判据 量气法 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]