活性炭-微波-Fenton联用技术处理偏二甲肼废水  

Treatment of Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine Wastewater by Using Activated Carbon-Microwave-Fenton Technology

作　　者：李慧 刘俊 庄杰 王燕平 黄欣寅 孔祥帅 LI Hui;LIU Jun;ZHUANG Jie;WANG Yan-ping;HUANG Xin-yin;KONG Xiang-shuai(Shanghai Institute of Space Propulsion,Shanghai 201112,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Space Engine,Shanghai 201112,China)

机构地区：[1]上海空间推进研究所,上海201112 [2]上海空间发动机工程技术研究中心,上海201112

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2020年第1期96-101,共6页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(No.17DZ2280800)

摘　　要：为提高偏二甲肼(UDMH)废水的处理效率,采用活性炭-微波-Fenton联用技术对UDMH废水进行处理,考察了H2O2体积、微波功率、pH值、Fe^2+与H 2O 2的摩尔比、活性炭质量等参数对UDMH废水处理效果的影响;初步探讨了主要降解中间产物甲醛、氰根离子的变化规律;在最佳反应条件下,对COD质量浓度与时间的关系进行线性拟合。结果表明,对于100 mL质量浓度400 mg/L的UDMH废水,在68.5 g/L的H2O2体积4.0 mL、微波功率460 W、活性炭质量5.0 g、pH值为3.5、n(Fe^2+)∶n(H2O2)=1∶10的条件下,废水中COD和UDMH的去除率最高,分别为98.0%和99.3%;主要降解中间产物甲醛和氰根离子的浓度随着反应的进行达到峰值后迅速降低,最后基本可以实现完全降解;线性拟合发现废水中的COD去除率遵循一级反应动力学特征,其动力学方程为:ln(C0/C)=0.00355 t+0.1755;活性炭-微波-Fenton联用技术处理UDMH废水,在反应开始6 min内即可达到较为理想的效果,具有反应迅速的特点。该技术操作方便、成本低廉、无二次污染、装置简单且占地面积小、有机物矿化度高,是一种高效的UDMH废水处理技术。To improve the treatment efficiency of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine(UDMH)wastewater,the activated carbon-microwave-Fenton technology was used and explored.The influence of H2O2 volume,microwave power,pH value,the molar ratios of Fe^2+to H2O2,mass of activated carbon,etc.on wastewater treatment were investigated.The change of the main degradation intermediate products HCHO and CN^- were discussed.Under the optimum reaction conditions,the relationship between COD concentration and time was fitted linearly.The results indicate that the highest removal rate of COD and UDMH in the 100 mL wastewater with the initial mass concentration 400 mg/L of UDMH are 98.0%and 99.3%,respectively,when the volume of H2O2 with 68.5 mg/L is 4.0 mL,radiation power is 462 W,the quality of activated carbon is 5.0 g,pH value is adjusted to 3.5,and the molar ratio of Fe^2+to H 2O 2 is 1∶10.With the progress of the reaction,the concentration of the two main intermediate products including formaldehyde and cyanide due to the degradation of the UDMH reaches the highest peak at first,and then decreases rapidly,and finally they can be degraded completely.Linear fitting shows that the removal proportion rate of COD in wastewater follows the characteristics of first-order reaction kinetics.Reaction kinetics equation is as follows:ln(C0/C)=0.00355 t+0.1755.The treatment of the UDMH wastewater by the activated carbon-microwave-Fenton technology can achieve ideal results after the reaction within 6min,indicating the characteristics of rapid reaction by using the technology.Therefore,the technology has the advantages of simple operation processes,low cost,no secondary pollution,simple device,small occupied area and high mineralization degree for organic matters,which is efficient for the treatment of the UDMH wastewater.

关 键 词：应用化学 液体推进剂 偏二甲肼(UDMH) 废水处理 活性炭 微波:Fenton COD去除率 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O69[理学—化学]