黄河下游韦滩河段畸形河势分析  

Analysis of Abnormal River Regime in Weitan Reach of Lower Yellow River

作　　者：薛博文 李军华[2] 江恩慧[2] XUE Bowen;LI Junhua;JIANG Enhui(School of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学,河南郑州450046 [2]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2020年第3期30-33,54,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0407403);国家自然科学基金重点项目(51539004);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HKY-JBYW-2017-01)

摘　　要：黄河下游游荡型河道近年来长期处于小流量的过程,局部河段与中水整治工程布局存在不匹配现象,其突出表现为畸形河势的形成。这一现象不仅会造成滩区塌滩,而且随着畸形河道的发育,有可能形成横河、斜河等不利河势,造成主流直接对大堤顶冲的风险。2016年以来,随着下游汛期来水量的增加,原来存在的开仪—赵沟、裴峪—大玉兰、东安—桃花峪等畸形河势,已在自然水力条件下消除,河势逐步规顺,然而韦滩河段存在的畸形河势仍然存在。基于原型调研、模型试验等手段,对韦滩河段畸形河势的演化规律进行了系统分析。目前黄河下游水沙调度过程中最大洪峰流量一般为4000 m3/s左右,此水沙过程下该畸形河势难以自然消除,若要实现所需的水力条件,需要洪峰流量量级达到10000 m3/s。黄河下游水沙调度目标是保滩运用,针对该河段的畸形河势,建议采用人工切滩的方式,开展人工裁弯。In recent years,the wandering channel in the lower reaches of the Yellow River has been in the process of small discharge for a long time.This phenomenon will not only cause the collapse of the beach area,but also with the development of the deformed river course,it is possible to form the adverse river conditions such as horizontal flow and inclined flow,which will cause the risk of the mainstream directly rushing to the top of the levee.Since 2016,with the increase of the amount of water coming from the downstream flood season,the original abnormal river regime formed at the sections of Kaiyi-Zhaogou,Peiyu-Dayulan and Dong’an-Taohuanyu have been eliminated under the natural hydraulic conditions and the river regime has been smooth gradually.However,the abnormal river regime in the section of Weitan still exists.Based on prototype investigation,model test and other means,this paper systematically analyzed the evolution law of deformed river regime in Weitan section.According to the study,at present,the maximum flood peak discharge in the downstream of the Yellow River is generally about 4000 m3/s during the water and sediment regulation and this abnormal river regime is difficult to be eliminated naturally in this water and sediment process.In order to achieve the required hydraulic conditions,the flood peak discharge needs to reach 10000 m3/s.However,because the goal of water and sand regulation downstream is to protect the beach,it is suggested that artificial cutting of the beach should be adopted to carry out artificial cutting of the bend.

关 键 词：畸形河势 实体模型 黄河下游 

分 类 号：TV85[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV882.1