太湖刺网生计渔业问题  

Taihu Lake gillnet subsistence fisheries

作　　者：陈君祥 高超 刘依阳[3] CHEN Junxiang;GAO Chao;LIU Yiyang(College of Economics and Management y Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Institute of Fishery Machinery of Instruments,Chinese Academy of Aquatic Sciences,Shanghai 200092,China;Institute of Marine Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学经济管理学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092 [3]上海海洋大学海洋经济研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2020年第1期139-144,共6页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：太湖渔业资源及经济社会现状调查研究(D-8006-17-0009)。

摘　　要：我国内陆渔业大多是生计渔业,太湖的刺网作业是典型的家庭经营模式的生计渔业。本研究对太湖地区主要专业渔村刺网渔船进行调查研究,旨在探讨太湖生计渔业的发展现状。研究结果表明:(1)80%以上的刺网渔船渔业渔民年龄大于45岁,老龄化现象明显;(2)刺网渔船渔业渔民受教育水平最高为初中,60%以上的渔民受教育水平为小学,渔民受教育程度较低;(3)所调查的渔船中,若不考虑人力成本,有98%盈利,但是小功率渔船(6.468 kW)和较大功率渔船(8.820 kW)平均利润差别较大。太湖刺网渔船渔业的渔民属于社会的弱势群体,经济状况较差,面对亏损又不能放弃捕捞渔业。因此,应从可持续生计渔业的角度来制定生计渔业的管理制度,维护太湖捕捞渔业社会经济的稳定和谐发展。Inland fisheries are mostly subsistence fisheries. Taihu’s gillnet fisheries are typical subsistence fisheries. The main fishing villages in the Taihu Lake area were investigated. The results of the survey of 58 gillnet fishing vessels show that:(1) More than 80% of gillnet fishing fishermen are older than 45 years old;(2) The highest education level of gillnet fishing fishermen is junior high school, and more 60% of the fishermen have received education at the primary school level.(3) Of the fishing vessels surveyed, 98% are profitable, but the average profit of low-power fishing boats(6.468 kW) and high-power fishing boats(8.820 kW) is significantly different.Fishermen have poor economic conditions, and they can not afford to discard capture fisheries in the face of losses. Therefore, a livelihood fishery management system should be established from the sustainable subsistence fisheries to safeguard the society of Taihu capture fisheries,economic stability and society harmony.

关 键 词：太湖 刺网渔业 生计渔业 内陆渔业 

分 类 号：F326.4[经济管理—产业经济]