氯甲基吡啶通过抑制AOB降低有机施肥下碱性土壤硝化作用  

Nitrapyrin Decrease Nitrification Process of Alkaline Soil under OrganicFertilization via Inhibiting the Community of Ammonia oxidizing Bacteria

作　　者：付龙 邓浩 代婧 邓宇淋 罗加明 李君 褚贵新 陶瑞 FU Long;DENG Hao;DAI Jing;DENG Yulin;LUO Jiaming;LI Jun;CHU Guixin;TAO Rui(School of Life Sciences,Shaoxing University,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000)

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院生命科学学院,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《绍兴文理学院学报》2020年第2期46-52,共7页Journal of Shaoxing University

基　　金：绍兴文理学院人才科研启动项目“有机肥耦合硝化抑制剂下碱性土壤N2O的排放及功能生物反馈机制”(20185027);绍兴文理学院重点自然科学基金项目“有机肥耦合nitrapyrin下酸性红壤N2O的排放及AOA/AOB的反馈机制”(2018LG1003).

摘　　要：目的:有机肥和硝化抑制剂均可调控氮素转化,但二者联用鲜有研究.本试验研究了有机肥配施硝化抑制剂氯甲基吡啶(nitrapyrin/CP)对碱性土壤氨氧化微生物的影响.方法:以石灰性土壤为研究对象,采用室内模拟实验,25℃培养下设4个处理:不施肥对照(CK);100%尿素(CF);60%尿素+40%牛粪(COM);60%尿素+40%牛粪+CP(COM+CP).主要结果:COM+CP处理可使土壤维持较高NH+4浓度至62 d,且显著降低了NO-3和土壤潜在硝化势(Potential Nitrification Rate,PNR).CF和COM处理相比CK处理显著增加了AOB的基因丰度(P<0.05),而添加CP则使其显著降低(P<0.05).PNR与土壤AOB基因丰度呈现显著相关性(P<0.05)而与AOA无显著相关性(P=0.1686).COM和CF处理的AOB群落结构在培养36 d后与COM+CP处理显著不同,而AOA群落结构和数量均无显著变化.自动线性模型显示导致AOB群落变化的关键因子分别是pH、NH+4和有机碳(SOC).结论:有机无机肥配施CP可实现土壤“增铵营养”.碱性石灰土壤上AOB群落对有机肥耦合CP更敏感,主要受pH、NH+4和SOC驱动.Objective:Organic fertilizers and nitrification inhibitors can regulate nitrogen transformation in the agricultural system,but their combined use is rarely studied.Effects of organic fertilizer combined with nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin(CP)on ammonia-oxidizers in alkaline soil were studied in order to reveal the response mechanism.Methods:Taking calcareous soil as the research object,an indoor simulation experiment was carried out under the 25℃culture,and total contained 4 treatments were as follows:control without fertilization(CK);100%urea(CF);60%urea+40%cow dung(COM);60%urea+40%cow dung+CP(COM+CP).Results:COM+CP treatment could maintain a higher NH+4 concentration in soil for 62 days,thus significantly reducing NO-3 and soil potential nitrification rate(PNR).Compared with the CK treatment,CF and COM treatment significantly increased the AOB gene abundance(P<0.05),while the combination with CP significantly decreased it(P<0.05).The gene abundance of AOB was significantly correlated with PNR(P<0.05)but with no relation with AOA(P=0.1686).The AOB community structure treated by COM and CF was significantly different from that treated by COM+CP after 36 days of culture,with no significant change in the AOA community structure and abundance.The automatic linear modeling shows that the key factors leading to the change of AOB community are pH,NH+4 and organic carbon(SOC).Conclusions:Organic fertilizers combined with CP could achieve soil“ammonium enhancement”.AOB community is more sensitive to organic fertilizer coupling with CP in alkaline soil,which is mainly driven by pH,NH+4 and SOC.

关 键 词：碱性土壤 氯甲基吡啶 有机肥 AOA和AOB 群落结构 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]