BDS接收机天线相位中心标定  

BDS receiver antenna phase center calibration

作　　者：王嘉琛 刘根友[1] 郭爱智[1] 肖恭伟 王彬彬[1,2] 高铭 王生亮 WANG Jiachen;LIU Genyou;GUO Aizhi;XIAO Gongwei;WANG Binbin;GAO Ming;WANG Shengliang(State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth’s Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所大地测量与地球动力学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430077 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《测绘学报》2020年第3期312-321,共10页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0501900);国家自然科学基金(41774017);创新群体基金(41621091)~~

摘　　要：在高精度GNSS定位中,接收机天线相位中心偏差(PCO)和天线相位中心变化(PCV)的影响不可忽略。目前,IGS发布的绝对天线相位模型文件中包含了GPS/GLONASS系统的标定值,但是没有发布北斗系统(BDS)的标定值。本文借助机械臂可以控制天线自由旋转,在数小时内实现全方位GNSS观测的特性,采用历元间差分的方法对接收机天线包括GPS L1/L2和BDSB1I/B2I/B3I等多个频点的PCO和PCV分别进行标定和拟合。标定结果表明,比较最小二乘估计的GPS PCO与IGS发布值,其STD和RMS在L1/L2上均小于1 mm;BDS PCO估计值的STD在B1I/B2I/B3I上分别为0.5、0.3、0.3 mm。利用球谐函数拟合的GPS PCV格网值与IGS发布值相比,其偏差在天顶距小于75°时均小于1.5 mm。BDS PCV拟合值范围均在-5~8 mm,且随天顶距变化曲线呈现波谷状。BDS PCV在低高度角处拟合值波动较大,随方位角变化曲线峰值-峰值最大达到了5.6 mm。In high-precise GNSS applications,the effects of receiver antenna phase center offset(PCO)and antenna phase center variation(PCV)are not negligible.At present,the antenna phase correction grid file released by IGS only contains the calibration values of GPS/GLONASS,but there are no the calibration values of the BeiDou system(BDS)released.In this paper,we use time-difference to calibrate and fit GPS L1/L2&BDS B1I/B2I/B3I PCOs and PCVs of unknown antenna,depending on the characteristics that robot can be used to control the free rotation of the antenna and realize omnidirectional GNSS observation in few hours.Compared with the IGS published values,the calibration results show that the estimated GPS PCOs using the least squares on L1/L2 are less than 1 mm for STD and RMS.The STD of the BDS PCOs estimation values are 0.5,0.3,0.3 mm on B1I/B2I/B3I,respectively.The GPS PCV grid values fitted by the spherical harmonic function are less than 1.5 mm below 75 degrees zenith compared to the IGS published value.The BDS PCVs fitting ranges from-5 to 8 mm with zenith,and the curve is trough with the zenith variation.As azimuth changing,the BDS PCVs have a large fluctuation in fitting values at low elevation,and the peak to peak has a maximum of 5.6 mm.

关 键 词：GNSS 天线相位中心 天线相位中心偏差 天线相位中心变化 北斗系统 机械臂标定 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]