患者参与式饮食管理对重度烧伤患者营养状况的影响  

Effects of patient participation-based dietary intervention on nutritional status for patients with severe burns

作　　者：邵珂 郑鹃 刘志梅[2] 李延菲[3] 邱筱婷 孙慧慧 Shao Ke;Zheng Juan;Liu Zhimei;Li Yanfei;Qiu Xiaoting;Sun Huihui(Department of Burn Plastic Surgery,Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University,Qingdao 266021,China;Nursing Department,Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University,266021;School of Nursing,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266021,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学附属青岛市市立医院烧伤整形科,266021 [2]青岛大学附属青岛市市立医院护理部,266021 [3]青岛大学护理学院,266021

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2020年第8期593-597,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的 探讨患者参与式饮食管理对重度烧伤患者营养状况的影响。方法 选取青岛市市立医院烧伤整形科2018年1月至2019年2月住院治疗的60例重度烧伤患者为研究对象,按照入院时间分为试验组和对照组各30例。对照组接受常规饮食管理,试验组在常规饮食管理的基础上,接受患者参与式饮食管理。记录2组患者的创面愈合时间,干预前及干预后2、4周时的体质量、体质量指数,血清白蛋白、前白蛋白等营养指标,采用烧伤患者营养知识问卷及"3日饮食日记"进行调查。结果 2组患者干预前营养知识得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预4周后试验组营养知识得分为(21.40±2.42)分,高于对照组的(19.00±2.26)分,差异有统计学意义(t值为3.975,P<0.01);血清白蛋白的时间和组间效应差异有统计学意义(F值为9.232、4.651,P<0.01或0.05);血清前白蛋白的时间和组间效应差异均有统计学意义(F值为11.592、6.228,P<0.01或0.05);试验组创面愈合时间为(27.63±10.94)d,短于对照组的(36.70±7.14)d,差异有统计学意义(t值为-3.801,P<0.01)。结论 患者参与式饮食管理能够有效提高重度烧伤患者的营养知识水平,改善营养状况,缩短其创面愈合时间。Objective To explore the influence of patient participation-based dietary intervention on nutritional status for patients with severe burn.Methods From September 2017 to January 2019,60 severe burn patients hospitalized in the department of burn and plastic surgery of Qingdao Municipal Hospital were recruited and divided into the experimental group(n=30)and the control group(n=30)according to the random number table method.The control group received a regular diet.While the experimental group received a patient participation-based dietary intervention(PPDI),The wound healing time and the value of nutritional status index,such as height,body mass index(BMI),serum albumin,serum prealbumin,in the two groups on admission,at 2 weeks after intervention,4 weeks after intervention were compared.The nutritional knowledge questionnaire of burn patients and"3-day diet diary"were used for investigation.Results The score of nutritional knowledge showed no significant difference between the two groups before intervention.After intervention,the score of nutritional knowledge in the experimental group was 21.40±2.42,significantly higher than that in the control group(19.00±2.26)(t value was 3.975,P<0.01).For time effect and between-group effect,there were significant difference in serum albumin between two groups(F values were 9.232,4.651,P<0.05);the time effect and between-group effect of serum prealbumin were statistically significant(F values were 11.592,6.228,P<0.05).The wound healing time in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(t value was-3.801,P<0.01).Conclusions Patient participation-based dietary intervention can effectively enhanced the level of nutritional knowledge,improved nutritional status,shortened wound healing time among patients with severe burn.

关 键 词：烧伤 饮食管理 营养状况 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]