社区医院原发性高血压病患者合并情绪障碍与行为模式的相关性分析  

Correlation analysis of mood disorders and behavioral patterns among patients with essential hypertension in community settings

作　　者：梁卉薇 叶碧瑜 钟潇琦 冯雪莹 汪钦林 李烜 Liang Huiwei;Ye Biyu;Zhong Xiaoqi;Feng Xueying;Wang Qinlin;Li Xuan(Department of Psychiatry,Guangzhou Hui-Ai Hospital,Guangzhou 510370,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市惠爱医院(广州医科大学附属脑科医院)精神科,广州510370 [2]广州市荔湾区多宝街社区卫生服务中心,广州510140

出　　处：《新医学》2020年第3期180-184,共5页Journal of New Medicine

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2017ZC0419)。

摘　　要：目的了解社区医院原发性高血压病患者合并心理问题情况及其与不同人格行为模式的相关性。方法选取广州市某社区医院确诊为原发性高血压病的患者进行问卷调查,调查工具包括一般资料问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、A型以及D型性格量表。结果入选115例原发性高血压病患者中,存在焦虑和抑郁情绪者分别为16例(13.9%)和44例(38.2%);A型和D型人格行为模式者分别为37例(32.1%)和19例(16.5%)。相关性分析中,D型行为与重度焦虑相关(rs=0.331,P <0.001),与重度抑郁无关(rs=0.170,P=0.069),A型行为与重度抑郁、重度焦虑均无关(P均> 0.05)。不锻炼的原发性高血压病患者SAS及SDS总分均高于有锻炼的患者(P均<0.05);而有躯体疾病的原发性高血压病患者与无躯体疾病的患者比较,SAS及SDS总分均无统计学意义(P均> 0.05)。结论社区原发性高血压病患者中,情绪障碍患病率较高,且与D型人格行为模式存在显著相关性,锻炼可一定程度改善情绪障碍。Objective To investigate the correlation between psychological comorbidities and different behavioral patterns among patients with essential hypertension in community hospital settings. Methods Patients who were diagnosed with essential hypertension in a community hospital in Guangzhou were enrolled for questionnaire survey including general information, self-rating anxiety scales(SAS), self-rating depression scales(SDS) and questionnaire for type A and D personalities. Results A total of 115 patients with essential hypertension were recruited in this study. Among them, 16 cases(13.9%) and 44 cases(38.2%) presented with anxiety and depression, 37 cases(32.1%) and 19 cases(16.5%) were diagnosed with the behavioral patterns consistent with type A and D personalities. Type D personality was correlated with severe anxiety(0.331, P < 0.001) but not severe depression(0.170, P = 0.069), whereas no correlation existed between type A personality and mood disorders(P > 0.05 for both severe anxiety and severe depression).The SAS and SDS scores of patients without regular exercises were significantly higher compared with those who exercised on a regular basis(both P < 0.05). The SAS and SDS scores did not significantly differ between those with and without comorbidities(both P > 0.05). Conclusions Among patients with essential hypertension in the community hospital setting, the prevalence of anxiety and depression is relatively high, which is significantly correlated with type D personality. Regular exercises can ameliorate the mood disorders to certain extent.

关 键 词：原发性高血压病 焦虑 抑郁 A型人格 D型人格 

分 类 号：R544.11[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R749[医药卫生—内科学]