台风“利奇马”不同强降水中心的雨滴谱特征分析  

Analysis of the characteristics of raindrop spectrum in different heavy precipitation centers caused by typhoon “Lekima”

作　　者：申高航 高安春 李君 SHEN Gaohang;GAO Anchun;LI Jun(Junan County Meteorological Bureau,Shandong Junan 276600,China;Linyi Meteorological Bureau,Shandong Linyi 276004,China;Zibo Meteorological Bureau,Shandong Zibo 255025,China)

机构地区：[1]莒南县气象局,山东莒南276600 [2]临沂市气象局,山东临沂276004 [3]淄博市气象局,山东淄博255025

出　　处：《气象科学》2020年第1期106-113,共8页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2016DM20);山东省气象局预报员专项(SDYBY2018-14);临沂市气象局自立课题(2019lyqx06)

摘　　要：在2019年台风“利奇马”台风暖区、台风与西风槽相互作用区及西风槽影响区分别挑选4个极端强降水中心,利用各站连续观测分钟雨滴谱资料和分钟降水资料,分析了不同站点和不同降水时段的雨滴尺度谱、雨滴速度谱、雨滴尺度—时间谱和雨滴速度—时间谱特征,研究了雨滴谱特征随时间的变化。结果表明:4个降水中心的雨滴尺度—时间谱和雨滴速度—时间谱存在明显差异,而过程的统计谱特征差异不明显;过程中不同区域的站点、同一站点不同的降水时段,雨滴尺度谱和雨滴速度谱主要为双峰型,尺度谱双峰中各站对应1.2 mm直径峰的位置一致,处于较小尺度峰的位置不一致;在较大雨强时,雨滴尺度谱上会出现单峰和三峰的情况,但比例较少;1.2 mm雨滴的高浓度区域与地面降水强度有非常好的对应关系,在1.2 mm雨滴的高浓度区域形成的过程中,地面降水逐渐增强,随着1.2 mm雨滴的高浓度区域逐渐瓦解,地面降水逐渐减弱,直至出现间歇。In 2019,typhoon“Lekima”,four extreme precipitation centers were selected respectively in the typhoon warm zone,affected area of westerly trough,typhoon and westerly trough interaction zone.With the raindrop spectrum data and minute precipitation data which were continuously observed by each station,the characteristics of raindrop scale spectrum,raindrop velocity spectrum and raindrop scale-time of different stations and different precipitation periods were analyzed,as well as changes in raindrop spectral characteristics over time.The results showed that there were obvious differences in raindrop scale-time spectrum and raindrop velocity-time spectrum of the four precipitation centers,but the statistical spectrum characteristics of the process were not obvious.During the process,the raindrop scale spectrum and raindrop velocity spectrum were mainly bimodal in the different regions and different precipitation periods.The peak positions of the raindrops corresponding to 1.2 mm in the double peaks were consistent,and the peaks in the smaller scale were different.When the rain was heavy,single peaks or three peaks would appear in the raindrop scale spectrum,but the proportion was small.The high concentration area of 1.2 mm raindrops had a very good correspondence with the ground precipitation intensity.In the process of forming a high concentration area of 1.2 mm raindrops,the ground precipitation gradually increased,and the high concentration area of 1.2 mm raindrops gradually disintegrated,the ground precipitation gradually weakened until intermission occurred.

关 键 词：台风“利奇马” 西风槽 雨滴谱 变化 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]