废名“莫须有先生”系列小说中的“禅用观”  

The “Zen Use” in the Series of Novels by Feiming “Mr. Moxuyou”

作　　者：武斌斌 WU Binbin(College of Liberal Arts,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong,Shanxi 030619)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院文学院,山西晋中030619

出　　处：《中国文学研究》2020年第1期138-144,共7页Research of Chinese Literature

摘　　要：废名受佛学影响颇深已为学界所公认,但就影响的程度与侧重点而言,关于此一影响的分析仍有待于进一步细化。早期,佛学对废名的影响主要表现在美学方面,后期,则主要表现在思想方面。以《莫须有先生传》为界,佛学对废名的影响逐渐由"禅观"向"禅用"转变,一改先前"澄怀静观"的"废名"印象,"莫须有先生"将佛法生活化,由"观心"转向了"观生活",此一转变不仅影响到了废名的美学风格,而且影响到了他的思想见地。及至《莫须有先生坐飞机以后》,佛学对他的影响进一步深化,萃取佛法之精义,废名启蒙救亡、平等利生,展现了一名现代知识分子勇于承担社会责任的"禅"风"道"骨。That Buddhism has the great influences on Feiming has been universally acknowledged by the scholars,then in terms of the extent and emphases of such an impact,a further study should be still made. During his early writing period,the Buddhist influence on Feiming mainly focused on aesthetics,whereas it was mainly manifested in the ideological aspects during the later period.Taking Mr. Moxuyou’s Biography as the mark of distinction,the Buddhist strength was gradually from "Zen Guan" transformed to "Zen Use" in Feiming’s works. Differing from the Feiming’s preceding feature of "mindful meditation" , the Buddhism has more secular meanings to the character of Mr. Moxuyou whose idea transferred from "meditation of mind" to "meditation of life" . This change had not only impacted his aesthetic style but also his insight into life. When After Mr. MoXuYou Took a Plane had been created,the influence of Buddhism on Fei Ming is further deepened. Then he took the Buddhist essence as his intelligent resource,and tried to enlighten and save the nation, meanwhile guided people to pursue the equality and generosity by his novel, which revealed his Zen thought and Taoist vigor as a modern intellectual and his endeavor to undertake the social responsibilities.

关 键 词：废名 “莫须有先生” 佛学 修菩萨行 启蒙救亡 

分 类 号：I246[文学—中国文学]