基于单因素法对7A09铝合金铣削表面质量的研究  

Study on Surface Quality of 7A09 Aluminum Alloy Milling Based on Single Factor Method

作　　者：罗恒 王优强 张平 LUO Heng;WANG You-qiang;ZHANG Ping(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China;School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东青岛266520 [2]华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200237

出　　处：《表面技术》2020年第3期327-333,共7页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51575289,51705270);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2016EEP03)。

摘　　要：目的通过对工件表面粗糙度、表面形貌和残余应力的分析,探究铣削用量对7A09铝合金铣削表面质量的影响,从而为7A09铝合金铣削加工表面质量的控制提供一定的理论基础。方法基于KVC800-1型数控加工中心,采用单因素法对7A09铝合金进行平面铣削试验,试验变量为铣削速度、每齿进给量和铣削深度,以此便可得平面铣削中铣削用量对7A09铝合金已加工表面质量的影响规律。结果7A09铝合金的表面粗糙度随铣削速度的增大和每齿进给量的降低而得以改善,但铣削深度对表面粗糙度的影响则较小。由已加工面的二维轮廓图和三维表面形貌图可知,铣削加工后,工件表面出现明显的犁沟,且沿进给方向的波峰和波谷都在一定范围内起伏变化,呈现出明显的规律性。当铣削用量改变时,其残余应力曲线均呈"勺"形分布,且残余应力对铣削速度和每齿进给量的变化都较为敏感,而对铣削深度的敏感性则较低。结论通过分析铣削用量对7A09铝合金已加工表面质量的影响,得出vc=240m/min、fz=0.14mm/z、ap=0.15 mm时,工件可获得最佳表面质量。The work aims to explore the influence of milling amount on the surface quality of 7A09 aluminum alloy by analyzing the surface roughness,surface morphology and residual stress of the workpiece,so as to provide a certain theoretical basis for the control of the surface quality of 7A09 aluminum alloy.Method based on KVC800-1CNC machining center,single factor method was used to test the plane milling of 7A09 aluminum alloy.Results the surface roughness of 7A09 aluminum alloy was improved with the increase of milling speed and decrease of feed per tooth.It can be seen from the 2D contour diagram and 3D surface topography diagram of the processed surface that the surface of the workpiece after milling has obvious furrows,and the wave peaks and troughs along the feed direction fluctuate within a certain range,presenting obvious regularity.When the amount of milling changed,the residual stress curve was distributed in the shape of a spoon,and the residual stress was more sensitive to the change of milling speed and the feed amount of each tooth,but less sensitive to the depth of milling.Conclusion by analyzing the influence of milling amount on the surface quality of processed 7A09 aluminum alloy,it can be concluded that the best surface quality can be obtained when the milling amount is vc=240 m/min,fz=0.14 mm/z,ap=0.15 mm.

关 键 词：7A09铝合金 铣削用量 表面质量 表面粗糙度 表面形貌 残余应力 

分 类 号：TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]