糜子不同性状光周期敏感性的综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Photoperiod Sensitivity Based on Different Traits of Broomcorn Millet

作　　者：王君杰 王海岗 曹晓宁 陈凌 刘思辰 田翔 秦慧彬 乔治军 WANG JunJie;WANG HaiGang;CAO XiaoNing;CHEN Ling;LIU SiChen;TIAN Xiang;QIN HuiBin;QIAO ZhiJun(Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture/Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops,Taiyuan 030031)

机构地区：[1]山西农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所/农业部黄土高原作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室/杂粮种质资源发掘与遗传改良山西省重点实验室

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2020年第3期474-485,共12页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：农业部国家谷子高粱产业技术体系项目(CARS-06-13.5-A16);山西省应用基础研究计划(201901D211564);农作物种质资源保护与利用专项(2019NWB036-20)

摘　　要：【目的】筛选适用于糜子光周期敏感性评价的性状指标,为开展糜子资源光周期敏感性鉴定及相关基因定位和克隆奠定基础。【方法】通过盆栽遮光处理和2个不同光周期生态区大田种植,调查100份糜子试验材料抽穗期、株高、主穗长、地上鲜重、叶片数、节数、旗叶叶面积和千粒重8个主要性状的光周期反应特性,以8个性状数据值建立糜子各个性状的光周期相对敏感度和光周期敏感性综合评价指标D值,并利用2种方法综合评价糜子光周期敏感性。【结果】不同光周期处理糜子8个性状存在显著差异,盆栽各个性状在长日照处理下的表现值显著高于短日照,大田定襄地区各个性状的表现值显著高于三亚地区。盆栽和大田种植模式下,地上鲜重的光周期相对敏感度均最高,千粒重的光周期相对敏感度最低。相关性分析发现,盆栽株高、主穗长、地上鲜重、旗叶叶面积、节数和叶片数与D值都达到极显著正相关,千粒重达到显著正相关,抽穗期达不显著负相关;大田除千粒重与D值达不显著正相关外,其余性状都与D值达到极显著正相关。大田各个农艺性状与光周期敏感综合指标D的简单相关系数排名前三依次是株高(0.867)、地上鲜重(0.811)和主穗长(0.784);盆栽依次是株高(0.787)、主穗长(0.687)和地上鲜重(0.677)。盆栽各个农艺性状对光周期敏感综合指标D的回归方程:Y=0.048+0.012X1+0.063X2+0.0446X3+0.053X4+0.036X5+0.016X6+0.024X7-0.011X8;大田各个农艺性状对光周期敏感综合指标D的回归方程:Y=0.019+0.034X1+0.094X2+0.066X3+0.080X4+0.057X5+0.028X6+0.011X7+0.139X8;其中,X1、X2、X3、X4、X5、X6、X7、X8分别代表抽穗期、株高、主穗长、叶片数、节数、旗叶叶面积、地上鲜重和千粒重。回归和通径分析发现,盆栽和大田地上鲜重和株高对光周期敏感综合指标D的直接作用最大,分别为0.383、0.300和0.251、0.250,其次是�【Objective】The objective of this study is to investigate the photoperiod response characteristics of broomcorn millet of eight main agronomic traits, including heading period, plant height, panicle length, aboveground fresh weight, number of leaves, number of nodes, flag leaf area and 1000-grain weight, and to screen for the suitable traits for broomcorn millet photoperiod sensitivity evaluation by pot shading and field planting modes in two different photoperiod ecological regions.【Method】The photoperiod relative sensitivity and D value of comprehensive evaluation index of photoperiod sensitivity were established based on data values of eight traits in field and pot planting, and the photoperiod sensitivity of broomcorn millet was comprehensively evaluated by two methods.【Result】The result of variance analysis showed that eight traits of broomcorn millet were significant difference under different photoperiod treatments.The performance values of each agronomic trait in pot under long sunshine of sixteen hours were significantly higher than those in short sunshine of eight hours, and the performance values of each agronomic trait in Dingxiang area were significantly higher than those in Sanya area.It was found that photoperiod relative sensitivity of aboveground fresh weight was the highest in both pot and field planting, while the 1000-grain weight was the lowest.Correlation analysis showed that plant height, panicle length, aboveground fresh weight, flag leaf area, number of nodes and number of leaves had extremely significant correlated with the D value, the 1000-grain weight had positively correlated with D value, and heading period had no significant negative correlation with D value in pot.All the traits were positively significant correlated with the D value except 1000-grain weight in field planting.The top three in the simple correlation coefficients of each agronomic character and photoperiod sensitivity comprehensive index D in the field were plant height(0.867), aboveground fresh weight(0.

关 键 词：光周期敏感性 糜子 地上鲜重 株高 综合评价 

分 类 号：S516[农业科学—作物学]