资源开发区生态承载力与产业一致性评价——以鄂尔多斯市为例  

Evaluation of Eco-Carrying Capacity and Industrial Consistency in Resource Development Zones--A Case Study of Ordos City

作　　者：霍文敏 陈甲斌 HUO Wenmin;CHEN Jiabin(Chinese Academy of Natural Resources Economics,Beijing 101149)

机构地区：[1]中国自然资源经济研究院,北京101149

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2020年第3期75-81,共7页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“典型区域生态承载力与产业一致性评价技术研究”(2017YFC0506602)。

摘　　要：文章选取资源开发区的典型代表城市鄂尔多斯市作为研究对象,围绕煤矸石堆放和利用,矿坑水资源利用和保护,采煤塌陷治理,以及矿山生产过程中产生的废水、废气和废渣等处理问题,基于生态承载力计量模型与生态足迹模型来分析资源开发区鄂尔多斯市产业发展与生态承载力的吻合程度,提出优化产业发展格局的生态准入条件及对策建议。研究结果表明,鄂尔多斯市生态承载力小于生态足迹,呈现生态赤字状态,即该地区的生态承载力不能满足产业发展,生态承载力与产业发展不一致。总体来看,鄂尔多斯市的生态压力主要来源于化石能源的消耗,这是诱发该地区生态承载力远低于生态足迹的主要因素,尤其是煤炭资源的消费。基于此,应当引导相关行业由过去的粗放式增长转向高质量发展,同时要提高第三产业的比重,能够在降低资源消耗和环境污染的同时带动第一、二产业发展。The article selects Ordos,a typical representative city of the resource development zone,as the research object,it focuses on the disposal and utilization of coal gangue,the use and protection of mine pit water resources,the treatment of coal mining subsidence,and the treatment of waste water,waste gas,and residue generated during the mine production process,based on the eco-carrying capacity econometric model and eco-footprint model,this paper analyzes the degree of consistency between the industrial development and ecocarrying capacity of the Ordos City in the resource development zone,and proposes eco-access conditions and countermeasures to optimize the industrial development pattern.The research results show that the eco-carrying capacity of Ordos is smaller than the eco-footprint and presents an eco-deficit state,that is,the eco-carrying capacity of the region cannot meet the industrial development,and the eco-carrying capacity is inconsistent with the industrial development.In general,the eco-pressure in Ordos mainly comes from the consumption of fossil energy,which is the main factor that induces the eco-carrying capacity of the region to be far below the eco-footprint,especially the consumption of coal resources.Based on this,relevant industries should be guided from the past extensive growth to high-quality development.At the same time,the proportion of the tertiary industry should be increased,which can drive the development of the primary and secondary industries while reducing resource consumption and environmental pollution.

关 键 词：生态承载力 生态足迹法 产业发展 一致性评价 矿产资源 鄂尔多斯 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济] F062.1