我国刑事上诉制度多元化的建构路径——以认罪认罚案件为切入点  

Construction Approach of Multiple Criminal Appellate System in China

作　　者：牟绿叶[1] MOU Lvye

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光华法学院

出　　处：《法学研究》2020年第2期108-127,共20页Chinese Journal of Law

基　　金：2020年教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“刑事二审程序的多元发展和完善路径研究”的成果

摘　　要：世界主要国家和国际公约为保障被告人的上诉权,确立了权利型上诉和裁量型上诉两种上诉制度。上诉权的本质是要求国家保障被告人获得上一级法院审查的机会,两种上诉制度都体现了保障审查机会的核心要求。上诉理由审核制是裁量型上诉的重要特征,它体现了被告人申请权和法院决定权的分离,既能确保被告人有机会获得上诉救济,也有助于防止滥行上诉、控制案件数量并维护第一审程序的中心地位。目前,在我国部分认罪认罚案件中,确立裁量型上诉和上诉理由审核制具有正当性和必要性。未来,我国应综合考虑案件类型、刑罚轻重、认罪与否、一审程序等因素以及二审程序的价值取向和功能预期,探索构建二元或多元上诉结构,在上诉阶段进一步推进案件繁简分流和司法资源优化配置。In order to safeguard the defendant’s right to appeal,most countries and international conventions have established either the automatic appeal system or the discretionary appeal system.The essence of the right to appeal requires the state to ensure the defendant an opportunity to have his case heard by the court at the higher level and both of two appeal systems have embodied the essence.Obtaining leave to appeal is an important feature of discretionary review.It separates the right to request leave from the court’s decision-making power,and helps to avoid abuse of the right,manage caseload and maintain the first-instance-centric structure.Nowadays,in some cases in which defendants have confessed and accepted punishments,there are legitimate grounds and the necessity to introduce the system of discretionary review and leave to appeal.In the future,China must take such diverse factors as the nature of case,the seriousness of the crime,confession status,first-instance procedure and the values and functions of appellate procedure into comprehensive consideration in exploring the dual or multi-track appellate system,so as to promote case diversion and reasonable allocation of judicial resources.

关 键 词：上诉权 上诉理由审核制 认罪认罚 审级制度 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]