网络平台信息内容规制结构的公法反思  

Public Law Reflections on the Regulatory Structure for the Information Content of Online Platforms

作　　者：孔祥稳 Kong Xiangwen

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学法学院

出　　处：《环球法律评论》2020年第2期133-148,共16页Global Law Review

基　　金：2019年度国家社会科学基金青年项目“行政规制与侵权法机制的组合配置研究”(19CFX022)的研究成果。

摘　　要：互联网时代,公共表达的主要空间转移到互联网平台。由于技术能力和执法资源受限,行政机关倾向于通过课以平台义务督促平台展开内部规制,对信息内容的规制模式也随之转化为高权干预与私人规制的结合。但由于制定法对违法信息判断标准和平台审查义务界定的模糊,以及对责任设定的缺陷,致使平台的规制活动存在侵犯使用者权利的风险和隐患。规制的不断趋严可能带来“寒蝉效应”,而平台规制外观上的私法属性则使其逃避了公法规则的约束。可能的应对方案为优化平台的法定审查义务,并明确平台的基本权利保护要求。互联网时代如何调处国家、平台、私人的关系将是未来需要继续面对的课题。In the Internet era,the main scene of public expression has shifted to online platforms.Due to the limited technical capabilities and law enforcement resources,administrative agencies tend to urge platforms to implement internal regulation through platform obligations,and the regulatory model for information content has also been transformed into a combination of administrative regulation and private regulation.However,due to the ambiguity of the statutes on the standards for judging illegal information and platforms’obligation towards their content and the failure to set proper responsibilities,platforms’regulatory activities have risks and hidden dangers of infringing upon the rights their users.Overly strict regulations may bring about the“chilling effect”,and the private law attributes of platform regulation enable platforms to escape the constraints of public law rules.The possible solution to this problem is to optimize platforms’statutory obligations and clarify their basic rights protection requirements.How to reconcile the relationship among the state,the platform,and the citizen in the internet era is a topic that needs to be further analyzed in the future.

关 键 词：私权力 平台责任 内容审查 基本权利第三人效力 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]