五唇兰不同器官的光合特性研究  

The Photosynthetic Characteristics of Different Organs of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima

作　　者：纠凤凤 卜贤盼 陈才志 王锋堂[1] 杨福孙[1] JIU Fengfeng;BU Xianpan;CHEN Caizhi;WANG Fengtang;YANG Fusun(College of Tropical Crop,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第2期80-86,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31660227);海南省研究生创新科研课题资助项目(Hys2019-131)。

摘　　要：以3年生五唇兰组培苗为试验材料,研究其唇瓣、萼片、花瓣、根、假鳞茎及叶片等不同器官的光合荧光特性,以期明确五唇兰进行光合作用的器官,探究其不同器官的光合生理特性。结果表明:五唇兰唇瓣背部有气孔分布且气孔密度明显低于叶片;五唇兰不同器官的叶绿素含量表现为叶片>根>假鳞茎>唇瓣>萼片>花瓣,其中根为叶片的31.2%,假鳞茎为叶片的21.3%;叶绿素a/b的值均低于2.1,根、假鳞茎、唇瓣分别为2.047、1.991、0.458;五唇兰花朵部位均无荧光值,叶片的PSⅡ实际光量子效率曲线[Y(Ⅱ)]、表观电子传递速率曲线(ETR)、光化学淬灭系数曲线(qP)、非光化学淬灭系数曲线(NPQ)均高于假鳞茎,Fv/Fm无显著差异。综合分析得出五唇兰的叶片、假鳞茎、根、唇瓣均能进行光合作用,为植株生长提供营养。叶片是五唇兰的主要光合器官,假鳞茎和根是光合作用的辅助器官,唇瓣对弱光的利用能力最大。In order to clarify the photosynthesis organs of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima,and explore the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of different organs,the three-year-old Phalaenopsis pulcherrima tissue culture seedlings were used as experimental materials to study the photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics of different organs such as lips,sepals,petals,roots,pseudobulbs and leaves.The results showed that there were stomata distribution on the back of the lips of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima and the stomatal density was significantly lower than that of the leaves.The chlorophyll content of different organs of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima was leaf>root>pseudobulb>lip>sepal>petal,and the roots was 31.2% of the leaves,the pseudobulbs was 21.3% of the leaves.The chlorophyll a/b values were all lower than 2.1,and the roots,pseudobulbs and lips were 2.047,1.991 and 0.458,respectively.There was no fluorescence value in the flower parts of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima,and the actual photon quantum efficiency curve[Y(II)],electron transport rate curve(ETR),photochemical quenching coefficient curve(qP) and non-photochemical quenching coefficient curve(NPQ) of the leaves were higher than those of the pseudobulbs,and there was no significant difference in Fv/Fm.According to the comprehensive analysis,the leaves,pseudobulbs,roots and lips of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima could be used for photosynthesis to provide nutrients for plant growth.The leaves were the main photosynthetic organs of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima,the pseudobulbs and roots were the auxiliary organs for photosynthesis,and the lips had better ability to utilize low light.

关 键 词：五唇兰 光合器官 假鳞茎 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]