半导体光催化分解水的析氢效率研究  

Study on Hydrogen Evolution Efficiency of Semiconductor Photocatalysts for Solar Water Splitting

作　　者：郭丽君[1,2] 李瑞 刘建新[1] 席庆 樊彩梅 Lijun Guo;Rui Li;Jianxin Liu;Qing Xi;Caimei Fan(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Taiyuan Institute of Technology,Taiyuan 030008,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学化学化工学院,太原030024 [2]太原工业学院化学与化工系,太原030008

出　　处：《化学进展》2020年第1期46-54,共9页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21808151,21676178);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(No.2019L0138);山西省自然科学基金项目(No.201901D211100)资助。

摘　　要：光催化水制氢是太阳能向氢能转化的有效途径,在清洁能源利用方面具有较大的潜力。光催化产氢过程主要包括光生电子和空穴对的产生、迁移以及在表面活性位点的氧化还原反应,在此过程中由于电子-空穴对的复合以及催化剂的结构和表面活性位点的局限,导致电子和空穴不能完全迁移到催化剂表面并参与氧化还原反应,从而降低了析氢效率。因此本文以抑制光生电子-空穴对复合及增加表面活性位点为目的,从调控催化剂微观特性和外在属性两方面入手,分析总结了目前常见的半导体催化剂粒径、形貌、晶面、表面活性位点调控手段以及异质结构建和助催化剂负载的方法,探究了上述因素对催化剂析氢效率的影响途径和方式,从中归纳出提升析氢效率的办法。最后对光催化制氢的未来研究方向进行了展望,希望以此为光催化产氢效率的提高提供借鉴。Photocatalytic hydrogen generation,with great potential in clean energy,is an effective way to convert solar energy into hydrogen energy.The process of photocatalytic hydrogen generation mainly includes the generation and migration of electron-hole pairs as well as the REDOX reaction at the surface-active sites.In this process,due to the combination of electron-hole pairs and the limitation of surface-active sites,the electrons and holes cannot completely migrate on the catalyst surface and participate in the REDOX reaction,so hydrogen evolution efficiency is reduced.Thus for the purpose of restraining recombination of photogenerated electronic-hole and increasing surface active sites,from the two aspects of regulating the internal characteristics and external catalyst properties,the current common manipulation measures on catalyst particle size,morphology,crystal and surface active sites are analyzed,and the ways of constructing heterogeneous structure are discussed.The research results by the means of loading cocatalyst in recent years are summarized.By means of exploring how these factors influence the efficiency of catalyst activity of hydrogen evolution,ways of improving the efficiency of the hydrogen evolution method are summarized.Finally,the future research direction of photocatalytic hydrogen production is prospected,hoping to provide reference for improving the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen production.

关 键 词：光催化产氢 光生电荷迁移速率 光生电荷反应速率 表面反应 微观调控 助催化剂 产氢效率 

分 类 号：O643[理学—物理化学]