湖南省柑橘园土壤pH和主要养分特征及其相互关系  

Soil pH and main nutrient characteristics of citrus orchards and their correlation in Hunan province

作　　者：曹胜[1] 欧阳梦云[2] 周卫军[1] 崔浩杰 刘沛[1] 谭洁[1] CAO Sheng;OUYANG Meng-yun;ZHOU Wei-jun;CUI Hao-jie;LIU Pei;TAN Jie(College of Resources and Environment,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha Hunan 410128;College of Food Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha Hunan 410128)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学食品科技学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2020年第1期31-38,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系专项基金(CARS-27)。

摘　　要：探究湖南省柑橘园土壤养分丰缺情况,为科学施肥管理提供理论依据。采集湖南省84个柑橘主产区的土壤样品,通过测定其p H、有机质和矿质养分,运用分组回归方法分析了土壤酸碱性与土壤肥力间相关性,研究了果园土壤养分的缺素问题。结果表明,湖南省柑橘园土壤酸化严重,土壤有机质和碱解氮含量适宜,三分之一果园土壤有效磷、速效钾含量偏低,交换性钙和交换性镁缺乏比例分别为43.75%和56.25%,其中69.88%、87.50%、65.63%和64.06%样品的土壤有效硫、铁、锰和铜过量,76.56%样品的土壤有效锌含量适宜,而85.94%样品的有效硼含量缺乏。土壤p H值与有效态养分含量关系复杂,Pearson相关分析发现,柑橘园土壤p H值与交换性钙、交换性镁含量间呈极显著正相关,而与有机质、有效磷和有效硫含量呈极显著负相关,与有效铁含量呈显著负相关。各养分含量在不同土壤p H组间存在极显著差异,曲线回归方程求解出柑橘园土壤p H值在5.6~6.3时,土壤中矿质养分含量较高。调节土壤p H值,控制氮、磷、钾肥的施用量,补施钙、镁和硼肥是今后果园土壤管理的关键。84 soil samples of main citrus producing areas were collected to explore the soil nutrient deficiencies and excesses in citrus orchards in Hunan province,and provided theoretical basis for scientific fertilization management by measuring its pH,organic matter and mineral nutrients.The correlation between soil pH and soil fertility was analyzed by group regression method.The results showed that the soil organic matter and alkali N content in Hunan province were suitable,while the soil acidification of citrus orchards was serious and 1/3 of them had low levels of available P and available K.The ratio of exchangeable Ca and Mg deficiency was 43.75% and 56.25%,respectively,and the excess ratios of available S,Fe,Mn and Cu were 69.88%,87.50%,65.63% and 64.06%,respectively.The effective Zn content suitable ratio was 76.56%,and the effective B deficiency ratio was 85.94%.The relationship between soil pH and exchangeable Ca and Mg content were significant positive correlated,while it showed an extremely significant negative correlation with organic matter,available P and available S content and a significant negative correlation with effective Fe content.There was a significant difference between nutrient content and soil pH groups.It is calculated from the curve regression equation that when the pH value of the citrus orchard is 5.6 ~ 6.3,the mineral nutrient content in the soil is quite high.To adjust the pH value of the soil,control the application amount of N,P and K fertilizers,and supplement Ca,Mg and B fertilizers are the key points for the management of fertilization in the future.

关 键 词：湖南省 柑橘园 PH 土壤养分 相关性 回归分析 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]