春节期间宝鸡市区大气颗粒物粒径分布特征  

Distribution Characteristics of Atmospheric Particulate Size During the Spring Festival of Baoji City

作　　者：周变红 曹夏 张容端 刘雅雯 王锦 ZHOU Bianhong;CAO Xia;ZHANG Rongduan;LIU Yawen;WANG Jin(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation,School of Geography and Environment,Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Baoji 721013,Shaanxi China;Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室,陕西宝鸡721013 [2]中国科学院地球环境研究所气溶胶化学与物理重点实验室,西安710061

出　　处：《河南科学》2020年第2期236-242,共7页Henan Science

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究项目(2019JQ4041);中科院气溶胶化学物理重点实验室项目(KLACP1903);宝鸡市科技局项目(2018-JH16);宝鸡文理学院重点项目(ZK2017038,ZK2018049)。

摘　　要：为研究宝鸡市区春节期间大气颗粒物的粒径变化特征及其影响因素,利用2018年春节期间在宝鸡市区观测到的大气中颗粒物质量浓度、数浓度和常规气象数据,分析其颗粒物质量浓度与数浓度日变化和逐日变化的分布特征,并分析其与各气象因子的相关性.结果表明:颗粒物数浓度和质量浓度日变化趋势基本一致,呈双峰双谷型,均在10时和20时达到峰值,在5时和15时达到谷值,烟花爆竹燃放期间颗粒物质量浓度及颗粒物数浓度均比非春节期间高;大气颗粒物数浓度为115~1 831 209个/L,平均271 673个/L,PN0.25~1、PN1~2.5和PN2.5~10平均值分别为812 032、2375和614个/L,表明颗粒物数浓度随粒径增大,呈现递减的变化趋势;春节烟花爆竹燃放期间PN0.25~1、PN1~2.5和PN2.5~10比非春节期间增加2.5、1.3和1.2倍左右;PN0.25~1和PN1~2.5与相对湿度(RH)的日变化存在显著正相关,且RH小于70%时,其与细颗粒物相关性较强;PN0.25~1、PN1~2.5和PN2.5~10与风速呈显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.714、-0.783和-0.571;后向轨迹结果显示,春节期间宝鸡市区大气污染受本地源影响较大.In order to study the variation characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter and its influencing factors during the Spring Festival in Baoji City,the distribution characteristics of daily change and daily variation of mass concentration and number concentration of particulate matter were analyzed,and the correlation with various meteorological factors was analyzed by using the mass concentration,number concentration and conventional meteorological data observed in Baoji City during the Spring Festival of 2018. The results showed that the change of particle concentration and mass concentration was basically the same,showing double peaks and double valleys,reaching peaks at 10:00 and 20:00,reaching valley value at 5:00 and 15:00. The particulate matter mass concentrations and the particulate matter concentrations during firecrackers were higher than during the non-Spring Festival. The concentration of atmospheric particulate matter was 115-1 831 209 per liter,with an average of 271 673 per liter.The average values of PN0.25-1,PN1-2.5 and PN2.5-10 were 812 032,2375 and 614 per liter respectively. The results show that the number and concentration of particles decrease with the increase of particle size. PN0.25-1,PN1-2.5 and PN2.5-10 during the Spring Festival fireworks and firecrackers increased by 2.5,1.3 and 1.2 times during the non-Spring Festival period. PN0.25-1 and PN1-2.5 are positively correlated with the daily change of relative humidity(RH),and when RH is less than 70%,it was more strongly correlated with fine particles;PN0.25-1,PN1-2.5 and PN2.5-10 were significantly negatively correlated with wind speed,and the correlation coefficients were-0.714,-0.783 and-0.571,respectively. The results of the backward trajectory showed that the air pollution in Baoji area during the Spring Festival is greatly affected by local sources.

关 键 词：大气颗粒物 数浓度 质量浓度 气象因子 日变化 逐日变化 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]