从“喻三归匣”到“匣喻合流”——汉语方言匣母字今读零声母的演变  

On the Present Zero Initial of MC Xia匣Initial in Chinese Dialects

作　　者：夏俐萍[1] XIA Liping

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京

出　　处：《方言》2020年第1期27-36,共10页Dialect

基　　金：中国社会科学院创新工程项目“汉语方言重点调查”资助。

摘　　要：汉语方言匣母字的读音中有很多“例外”现象,其中之一就是“匣喻合流”。“匣喻合流”的本质是匣母字不断弱化为零声母,与原来读零声母的影喻等母字发生合流的现象。通过汉语方言“匣喻合流”的五种类型可以看出,匣喻合流有明确的语音条件,从有介音音节开始发生合流,再到无介音音节。同时,匣喻合流也是一个扩散式音变的过程。正是因为浊音清化的影响,才使得匣母字读零声母的现象成为方言系统中的残留。One of the change exceptions of MC Xia匣is that MC Xia匣initial with the voiced fricative changed into the Zero initial and then merged into MC Ying影or Yu喻initials in Chinese dialects.Based on the five types in Chinese dialects,the paper indicates the obvious conditions that the merging of MC Xia匣and YU喻initials occurred on glide-syllables first,and then on non-glide syllables.The phenomenon is also a vocabulary diffusion change.The present zero initial of MC Xia匣is the remnants in the dialects phonological system because of the influences of MC voiced initial changing into unvoiced one.

关 键 词：匣喻合流 零声母 条件式音变 扩散式音变 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]