关于古代汉语大型辞书中“因误成词”词条的处理  

On the improper entries of Classical Chinese in multivolume Chinese dictionaries

作　　者：董志翘[1] Dong Zhiqiao

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文学院,南京

出　　处：《中国语文》2020年第2期221-234,256,共15页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目《中古汉语虚词研究及中古汉语虚词词典编撰》(18AYY020);江苏省高校哲学社会科学优秀创新团队建设项目“融合人文—教育—科技—康复的语言学交叉创新研究”(2017STD006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在古代汉语大型辞书中,所收录的有些词是由于讹误而形成的(包括字形的讹误、句读的讹误等)。照理对于这些词只要弄清致误的原因,就可以将其删除。但因为在漫长的历史进程中,这类词中的一部分,因以讹传讹,遂被人们接受,经“约定俗成”后在新的语言环境中继续模仿使用,所以辞书似乎又应该保留它们。具体如何处理此类“因误成词”的词条,本文拟通过几例个案谈谈自己的看法。In multivolume Chinese dictionaries,a few entries of Classical Chinese are problematic due to the writing mistakes or wrong punctuations in history.Theoretically speaking,such errors and mistakes should be removed from the dictionary.But some of them have already been widely accepted after long period of use and are frequently attested in Chinese literature,thus could remain in the dictionary.In order to resolve such a dilemma on the treatment of improper entries of Classical Chinese,this paper proposes some measures and criteria to decide which wrong entries could be kept,and how they should be described and explained in multivolume Chinese dictionaries.

关 键 词：古汉语 辞书 因误成词 处理 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]