国外农村养老保险模式探究  

Study on Foreign Rural Pension Insurance Mode

作　　者：刘亚男 张凯 潘红宇 Liu Ya’nan;Zhang Kai;Pan hongyu

机构地区：[1]新疆大学政治与公共管理学院

出　　处：《中国人事科学》2020年第3期91-95,共5页Chinese Personnel Science

摘　　要：按照农村养老保险资金制度的目标、筹集发放、管理运作等标准,农村养老保险制度可分"社会保险型""国家福利型"和"储蓄积累型"三种模式。"社会保险型农村养老保险模式"的养老基金来源多样,实行现收现付的运作形式;"国家福利型农村养老保险模式"的养老基金主要依靠税收,实行的是现收先付制,居民保障较全面,但也伴随着福利依赖问题;"储蓄积累型农村养老保险模式"的养老基金来源于个人和企业,比较强调个体作用,国家主要承担监管责任。三种模式具有明确的差异性和各自的适用性。对照国外模式,完善我国农村养老保险,应同时发挥政府引导和市场介入的积极作用,在宣传方式、专业人才引进、政府监管方式、基金的筹集和保值增值途径上努力创新,并逐步加强个人参与在养老保险制度中的作用。According to the target of the rural pension insurance fund system and the standards for fund raising and distribution,management and operation,the rural pension insurance system can be divided into three modes,namely social insurance type rural pension insurance mode,national welfare type rural pension insurance mode and savings accumulation type rural pension insurance mode.The pension fund of the social insurance type rural pension insurance mode has various sources,and the pay-as-you-go system is implemented;the pension fund of the national welfare type rural pension insurance mode mainly relies on tax;the pay-as-you-go system is implemented and the residents’security is more comprehensive,but there is the problem of welfare dependence;the pension fund of the savings accumulation type rural pension insurance mode comes from individuals and enterprises,the individual role is emphasized and the state mainly takes the supervision responsibility.The three modes have clear differences and respective applicability.Comparing foreign modes,to improve the rural pension insurance in China,we should give full play to the positive role of government guidance and market intervention,make efforts to innovate in the ways of publicity,professional talent introduction,government supervision,fund raising,value maintenance and appreciation,and gradually strengthen the role of individual participation in the pension insurance system.

关 键 词：人口老龄化 养老保险 农村养老保险制度 

分 类 号：D57[政治法律—政治学]