多相整流永磁同步发电机绕组内部相间短路的故障分析  

Analysis of Stator Internal Phase-to-Phase Short-Circuit in the Multiphase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator with Rectifier Load System

作　　者：田代宗 孙宇光[1] 王善铭[1] 杜威[1] Tian Daizong;Sun Yuguang;Wang Shanming;Du Wei(State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084 China)

机构地区：[1]电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室(清华大学电机系),北京100084

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2020年第6期1262-1271,共10页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51277103)。

摘　　要：该文将多回路法与有限元法相结合,建立了多相整流永磁同步发电机系统绕组内部相间短路的通用数学模型,可计算永磁电机正常及绕组内部故障工况的电气量分布,不仅适用于每相单分支的多相电机,还适用于每相多分支的情况。在一台特制的六相双分支永磁同步发电机样机上进行了故障实验,实验结果和仿真结果相吻合,验证了数学模型的正确性。在准确计算绕组电流的基础上,进一步计算了故障前后样机内部的温度场分布,结果表明故障导致样机内部温度不再均匀分布。根据仿真和实验结果,分析了该样机相间短路的故障特点,并说明了短路点附近明显升温对永磁电机的严重影响以及不同组三相绕组间相间短路引起整流桥中某些二极管过电流的潜在危害。该文研究为多相永磁同步发电机内部相间短路故障检测提供了依据。Combining the multi-loop method with the finite element method(FEM),this paper established a general mathematical model for the internal phase-to-phase short-circuit in the multiphase permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG)with rectifier load system.With this mathematical model,all the voltages and currents of stator windings are calculated under normal operation and internal short-circuit fault conditions.In addition,the model is applicable to both single-branch and multi-branch generators.The fault experiment was carried on a customized 6-phase dual-branch PMSG.The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results,which verifies the correctness of the mathematical model.Based on the accurate calculation of the winding current,the temperature field of the model machine before and after the fault was also calculated.The results show that the fault changes the distribution of the internal temperature field of the model machine.According to the simulation and experimental results,the characteristics of the phase-to-phase short-circuit fault were analyzed.Furthermore,the severe influence of the obvious temperature rise near the short-circuit position on the model machine was analyzed,and the potential hazard of over-current in some rectifier bridges caused by phase-to-phase short-circuit between different groups of three-windings was illustrated.This paper provides the basis for the detection of phase-to-phase short-circuit faults in multiphase PMSG.

关 键 词：多相永磁同步发电机 多分支 整流系统 相间短路 多回路-有限元数学模型 

分 类 号：TM341[电气工程—电机]