Male and female guppies differ in problem-solving abilities  

作　　者：Tyrone LUCON-XICCATO Elia GATTO Angelo BISAZZA 

机构地区：[1]Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology,University of Ferrara,Ferrara,Italy [2]Department of General Psychology,University of Padova,Padova,Italy

出　　处：《Current Zoology》2020年第1期83-90,共8页动物学报（英文版）

基　　金：Funding was provided by PRIN 2015 Grant(prot.:2015FFATB7)to A.B.from Ministero dell'Istruzione,Universita e Ricerca(M IUR,Italy);FIR2018 and FAR2018 grants to T.L.X.from University of Ferrara.

摘　　要：In a number of species,males and females have different ecological roles and therefore might be required to solve different problems.Studies on humans have suggested that the 2 sexes often show different efficiencies in problem solving tasks;similarly,evidence of sex differences has been found in 2 other mammalian species.Here,we assessed whether a teleost fish species,the guppy.Poecilia reticulata,displays sex differences in the ability to solve problems.In Experiment 1,guppies had to learn to dislodge a disc that occluded a feeder from which they had been previously accustomed to feed.In Experiment 2,guppies had to solve a version of the detour task that required them to learn to enter a transparent cylinder from the open sides to reach a food reward previously freely available.We found evidence of sex differences in both problem-solvingi tasks.In Experiment 1,females clearly outperformed males,and in Experiment 2,guppies showed a reversed but smaller sex difference.This study indicates that sex differences may play an important role in fish's problem-solving similar to what has previously been observed in some mammalian species.

关 键 词：fish COGNITION individual DIFFERENCES learning ABILITIES problem solving SEX DIFFERENCES 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]