指导性案例司法适用的困境及其破解  

Judicial Application of Guiding Cases and Resolution to Problems Involved

作　　者：方乐[1,2,3,4] Fang Le

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院,南京210023 [2]江苏高校区域法治发展协同创新中心 [3]中国法治现代化研究院 [4]江苏省教育厅校外研究基地司法现代化研究中心

出　　处：《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第2期147-160,共14页Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国成文法体制下判例运用的理论与实践”(18ZDA138);“江苏社科优青”资助项目;江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)。

摘　　要：最高人民法院希望通过指导性案例制度的建立来形成一个成文法体制下的判例市场,但从近十年来的司法实践看,判例资源进入裁判活动的频次依然相对较低。与此同时,高级法院在处分判例资源上表现得极不稳定,中级法院和基层法院虽然表现得较为稳定但频率又确实过低。此外,在裁判文书说理上,法官缺乏对指导性案例的偏差性理解的正式回应。要提高判例资源的司法适用,就必须要在破解这些问题的基础上,优化案例资源竞争的市场环境,在法院系统内建立以指导性案例生产和适用为中心的司法声誉氛围,并在法院系统外寻找到能够有效激发社会大众运用指导性案例积极性的制度机制。唯有此,才能够真正发挥指导性案例制度的功能,推进判例司法适用的同时推动当下中国司法的发展。The Supreme People's Court hopes to form a case market under the written law system through the establishment of the guiding case system.However,the judicial practice in the past decade shows that the frequency of case resources entering the judicial activities is still relatively low.At the same time,while the high court is very unstable in disposing case resources,the intermediate court and the grass-roots court are relatively stable but their frequency is indeed too low.In addition,there is also a lack of formal response from judges to the biased understanding of guiding cases.In order to improve the judicial application of case resources,we must solve these problems and optimize the market environment of case resources competition.This can be done by building a judicial reputation for the production and application of guiding cases in the court system,and providing a mechanism outside the court system that can effectively stimulate the enthusiasm of the public to use guiding cases.Only in this way can we truly establish an effective guiding case system and promote the development of China's judicial system.

关 键 词：司法判例 指导性案例 案例资源 司法声誉 司法体制改革 

分 类 号：D916[政治法律—法学]