饥饿法强制换羽对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响  

Effect of induced-molting by starving on the production performance and egg quality of laying hens

作　　者：马淑雪 刘幸 赵鹏涛 高玉鹏[1] 闵育娜[1] MA Shuxue;LIU Xing;ZHAO Pengtao;GAO Yupeng;MIN Yuna(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Shanxi Sanshui Yipin Ecological Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd.,Xunyi 711300,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西三水一品生态农业开发有限公司,陕西旬邑711300

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020年第1期48-52,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-40-S20)。

摘　　要：为了研究饥饿法强制换羽技术对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响,选取449日龄的京红1号蛋鸡13 876只进行饥饿法强制换羽试验,测定强制换羽期间试验鸡的产蛋数、死淘数和蛋品质及停料期间试验鸡体重下降情况,分析强制换羽对产蛋率、减重率、死淘率及蛋品质的影响。结果表明:停料第12天时鸡群停止产蛋,恢复喂料后第4天鸡群开始见蛋,第25天产蛋率达50.00%以上,第6周产蛋率达85.00%以上;饥饿第15天时减重率达30.09%,达到恢复喂料的标准要求,初始体重较低的鸡减重率高于初始体重较高的鸡(P<0.05);停料期间鸡群总死淘率为0.66%,停料9~15天鸡群的日均死淘率显著高于第1~4天(P<0.05),恢复喂料19 d内鸡群总死淘率为0.85%,恢复喂料第1~4天的日均死淘率显著高于其他时间段(P<0.05);换羽后蛋重、蛋壳强度、蛋白高度、哈氏单位等均有升高趋势。说明饥饿法强制换羽可有效改善产蛋后期蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质,延长蛋鸡的产蛋年限。In order to study the impact of the hunger-forced moulting technology on the production performance and egg quality of the hens in the later period of the laying,a total of 13876 laying aged 449-year-old Jinghong No.1 hens(a total of 13863)were selected for the hunger-forced moulting test.The number of laying eggs,quantity of dead laying hens,the quality of eggs and the weight loss of the experimental laying hens during the period of forced molting were measured,and analysed the effect of forced molting on laying rate,weight loss rate,death rate,and egg quality.The results showed as follows:the weight reduction rate of the birds was 30.09%after a 15-day-long starving treatment,meeting the standard requirements for resumption of feeding;the weight loss rate of chickens with lower initial weight was higher(P<0.05)than that of chickens with higher initial weight;the birds stopped laying eggs after a 12-day-long starving treatment;eggs were started to appear on the 10 th day of feeding resuming period,the laying rate exceeded 50%at the 25th day,the laying rate exceeded 85%at the 6th week;the culling and mortality of the chickens was 0.66%during starvation period,and the culling and mortality from 9th to15th day was significantly higher than 1st to 4th day(P<0.05);the culling and mortality of the chickens during 19 days within feeding resuming period was 0.85%,a significantly higher culling and mortality was observed from 1st to 4th day during feeding resuming period(P<0.05);egg weight,eggshell strength,albumen height and haugh unit increased after molting.These results indicated that hunger-forced moulting can effectively improve the production performance and egg quality of hens in the later period of the laying and prolong the laying period of hens.

关 键 词：饥饿法 强制换羽 蛋鸡 生产性能 蛋品质 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学] S815.5[农业科学—畜牧兽医]