样本量对质性研究主题与现象诠释的影响研究  

Impact of Sample Size on Interpretation of Qualitative Research Phenomena and Empirical Research

作　　者：李文玉[1] 涂文怡 郑静[1] 黄小芳[1] 刘庆华[1] 徐小群[2] LI Wen-yu;TU Wen-yi;ZHENG Jing;HUANG Xiao-fang;LIU Qing-hua;XU Xiao-qun(Heart Center,the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325000,China;Dept.of Nursing Administration,the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学附属第一医院心脏中心,浙江温州325000 [2]温州医科大学附属第一医院护理部,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《护理学报》2020年第3期62-65,共4页Journal of Nursing（China）

摘　　要：目的分析不同样本量对质性研究现象诠释的影响,完善质性研究的研究思路,提高卫生研究的报告质量。方法将研究对象分为目的性抽样组和开放性抽样组,2组研究访谈对象数量不一,访谈充分依照质性研究规范进行,组织临床专家组监督研究过程,并对最终的报告结果进行评价和探讨。结果2组研究均能提炼出相同的主题,但是目的性抽样组得出的体验、经历或者感受容易导致误解、混淆或者缺失,开放性抽样组访谈对象的体验与意义的关联性更强,推论更严谨,临床意义更突出。结论与开放性性抽样的研究结论相比,目的性抽样不能充分诠释解释性理解,并影响到复杂性的寻求和新问题的提出,导致结果的推广性也受到影响,同质性较高的质性研究建议采用目的性抽样,异质性较高的质性研究建议采用开放性抽样。Objective To analyze the influence of different sample size on phenomenon interpretation of qualitative research,improve the research ideas and the quality of health research report.Methods The subjects were divided into purpose sampling group and open sampling group and the number of subjects in the two groups was different.The interviews were conducted in full accordance with the qualitative research norms.The research was supervised by clinical experts and the final reports were evaluated and discussed.Results The same topic was extracted in the two groups,but the experience of the objective sampling group are easy to lead to misunderstanding,confusion or lack.There was close relationship between the experience of the interviewees and its meaning in open sampling group and the results were more serious and prominent in clinical significance,while in purpose sampling group,it is easy to misunderstand or confuse the experience.Conclusion Comparatively speaking,purposive sampling is not conducive to the full explanation of the phenomenon and exerts negative influence on the search for complexity and the proposal of new problems,resulting in the popularization of the results.The purposive sampling is recommended for qualitative research with high homogeneity,and open sampling is for qualitative research with high heterogeneity.

关 键 词：质性研究 机械通气 目的抽样 开放性抽样 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]