镍基高温合金短电弧套料加工的电极特性及电加工参数的试验与分析  

Test and Analysis of Electrode Characteristics and Electrical Parameters of Nickel-based Superalloy Short Electric Arc Trepanning Machining

作　　者：王天龙 张钊源[1] Wang Tianlong;Zhang Zhaoyuan

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学机械工程学院

出　　处：《工程机械》2020年第1期57-62,I0013,共7页Construction Machinery and Equipment

摘　　要：镍基高温合金Incone l625是一种典型的难加工材料,而短电弧加工技术是一种针对难加工材料的具有高效加工性能的特种加工技术。针对镍基高温合金材料的短电弧套料加工中电参数、非电参数、电极结构等因素对材料去除率、电极损耗率和表面加工质量的影响进行试验与分析。选取不同材料的齿形电极头(紫铜、石墨、球墨铸铁、45钢)和石墨材料的3种不同结构对工件进行短电弧套料加工试验,并对加工后的工件表面层进行性能检测与分析。试验结果表明:当电源电压增大、进给量增加和放电间隙减小时,4种材料电极头加工工件的效率相应增加,影响顺序为石墨>铸铁>紫铜>45钢;3种结构的石墨电极头中齿形电极头加工效率最高,管状柱销形电极头电极损耗率最小。此外,短电弧加工后的镍基高温合金表面层性能影响仅在热影响层内,硬度增加较少,对工件的机械性能影响较小。Incone1625 is a typical material being hard to machine with,while a possible machining way,short arc discharge cutting process therefore,is a special highlyefficient technique,therefore,it has accordingly to test the electric data,nonelectric data,electrode structure,etc so as to test and analyze the removal rate,electrode loss,and quality affect against the alloy,which was carried out with various tooth type electrode head(copper,graphite,ductile iron,or#45 steel) mating with 3 types of graphite materials to run tests on the work piece with short arc,plus function inspection and analyses of the surface.Test results show that when the voltage increases,the feeding rate increases while the discharge interval time decreases the processing efficiency of the 4 type electrode heads would increase correspondingly,and the influence order is as follows:graphite>cast iron>copper>#45 steel.On the other hand the tooth type electrode head is most efficient of the 3 make-ups,while the tube type electrode becomes the least of wear and consumption.Besides,process influence to the alloy is limited within the heat-affected layer alone with fewer hardness increases,thus fewer affect on mechanical function of the work piece.

关 键 词：短电弧加工 镍基高温合金 套料加工 电极材料 

分 类 号：TG661[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]