生命早期使用抗生素与儿童哮喘的关联性研究  

Research on the correlations between antibiotics use in early life and pediatric asthma

作　　者：符灵素[1] 黄迪科 张科云[1] Fu Lingsu;Huang Dike;Zhang Keyun(Department of Pediatrics,Yuyao People′s Hospital,Ningbo 315400,China)

机构地区：[1]余姚市人民医院儿科,浙江宁波315400

出　　处：《中国医院统计》2020年第1期32-35,共4页Chinese Journal of Hospital Statistics

摘　　要：目的探讨生命早期0~1岁时使用抗生素对6~10岁时儿童发生哮喘的影响。方法采用回顾性研究方法,以2015年10月至2018年10月在某院确诊的350例哮喘儿童作为病例组,以同期进行健康体检的350例非哮喘儿童作为对照组。结果生命早期应用抗生素是儿童发生哮喘的危险因素。病例组中哮喘儿童的抗生素使用率为84.3%,对照组为52.0%。χ2检验结果显示当抗生素使用疗程次数大于2次时,或当使用大环内酯类和头孢类的抗生素时,均会明显引起儿童哮喘发病风险增大(P<0.05)。多项分类logistic回归分析结果显示重度和轻度发病相比,抗生素使用疗程次数≥4更容易重度发病(OR=3.012,95%CI=1.084~8.370)。中度和轻度发病相比,抗生素使用疗程次数为≥4和3次更容易中度发病(OR=2.813,95%CI=1.358~5.826)和(OR=2.337,95%CI=1.139~4.796);抗生素类型为大环内酯类更容易中度发病(OR=2.870,95%CI=1.483~5.555)。结论生命早期应用抗生素会增大儿童哮喘发病的风险,且抗生素使用疗程次数、类型与哮喘发病的严重程度具有一定相关性。Objective To explore the effect of antibiotics on pediatric asthma(6 to 10 years old)in early life(0 to 1 years old).Methods A retrospective study was conducted.Three hundred and fifty children with asthma in our hospital from October 2015 to October 2018 were selected as the case group,and 350 non-asthmatic children who underwent health examination during the same period were selected as the control group.Results The use of antibiotics in early life was a risk factor for pediatric asthma.The use rate of antibiotics in asthmatic children was 84.3%in the case group and 52.0%in the control group.Theχ2 test results showed that when antibiotics were used more than twice,or when macrolides and cephalosporins were used,the risk of pediatric asthma was increased significantly,with P<0.05.The multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that,comparisons between severe onset and mild onset,when antibiotics were used four times or more,they were more likely to suffer from severe illness(OR=3.012,95%CI=1.084-8.370).Compared with moderate onset and mild onset,when antibiotics were used four times or more and three times,they were more likely to cause moderate illness(OR=2.813,95%CI=1.358-5.826)and(OR=2.337,95%CI=1.139-4.796).The macrolide type antibiotics was more prone to moderate onset(OR=2.870,95%CI=1.483-5.555).Conclusion The use of antibiotics in early life is a risk factor for increasing the incidence of pediatric asthma.And the number and type of antibiotics used are related to the severity of asthma.

关 键 词：抗生素 生命早期 儿童哮喘 发病 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学] R725.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]