不同水稻品种磷利用效率与耐铝性的关系研究  

Correlation Between Phosphorus-use Efficiency and Aluminum Tolerance in Different Rice Varieties

作　　者：胡安永[1,2] 赵学强 沈仁芳[1] 马建锋[1,3] HU Anyong;ZHAO Xueqiang;SHEN Renfang;MA Jianfeng(State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Institute of Plant Science and Resources,Okayama University,Gangshan 710-0046,Japan)

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]冈山大学植物科学与资源研究所,日本冈山710-0046

出　　处：《土壤》2020年第1期47-53,共7页Soils

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2014CB441000);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB15030302,XDB15030202)资助。

摘　　要：铝毒和磷缺乏是酸性土壤上作物生产的主要限制因子。本研究中我们探究了5个粳稻和5个籼稻品种的磷利用效率和耐铝性之间的相互关系。结果表明,粳稻品种的耐铝性显著高于籼稻品种。对于耐铝性强的水稻品种,施加磷肥后地上部生物量显著增加,而铝敏感的品种对磷肥响应较小,这可能是由于其耐铝性差而酸性土壤中的铝毒导致根系结构和功能受损,从而影响养分的吸收和利用。不同水稻品种的耐铝性和磷吸收效率呈正比而与磷利用效率呈反比,且粳稻的地上部磷浓度及磷吸收效率高于籼稻,但磷利用效率则低于籼稻。这些结果对于酸性土壤中筛选耐铝和磷高效利用的水稻品种具有重要意义。Both aluminum(Al)toxicity and phosphorus(P)deficiency are limiting factors of crop production on acid soil.In the present study,The correlation between P-use efficiency and Al tolerance in five japonica and five indica rice varieties was investigated.Aluminum tolerance of japonica varieties was significantly higher than those of indica varieties.The shoot dry weight of Al-resistant varieties increased significantly after P application in acid soil,but that of Al-sensitive varieties did not respond to P application.This difference in P-increased growth is probably due to Al-damaged root structure and function in Al-sensitive varieties,resulting in decreased uptake and utilization of nutrients from soil.We found that P-use efficiency was negatively correlated to Al tolerance,while P-uptake ability was positively correlated with Al tolerance.Furthermore,japonica varieties had a higher shoot P concentration and P-uptake ability compared with indica varieties,but had a lower P-use efficiency.These results provided a valuable insight into screening rice varieties with high Al tolerance and P-use efficiency in acid soils.

关 键 词：粳稻 籼稻 耐铝性 磷吸收效率 磷利用效率 水稻 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]