山东内陆和半岛雷暴大风的环境物理量特征  

Statistical Characteristics of Physical Parameters of Thunderstorm Gales in the Inland and Peninsula of Shandong Province

作　　者：杨晓霞[1] 尤莉[2] 夏凡[3] 张磊[1] 宋佳嘉 李恬 田雪珊 华雯丽 YANG Xiaoxia;YOU Li;XIA Fan;ZHANG Lei;SONG Jiajia;LI Tian;TIAN Xueshan;HUA Wenli(Shandong Meteorological Observatory,Jinan 250031,China;Inner Mongolia Climate Centre,Hohhot 010051,China;Shandong Provincial Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Jinan 250031,China;Jinan Meteorological Observatory,Jinan 250021,China;Department of Atmospheric and Marine Sciences of Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省气象台,山东济南250031 [2]内蒙古气候中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [3]山东省气象科学研究所,山东济南250031 [4]济南市气象台,山东济南250021 [5]复旦大学大气与海洋科学系,上海200438

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2019年第6期47-56,共10页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：中国气象局预报预测核心业务发展专项(CMAHX20160208);2016年山东省自然基金项目(ZR2016DM20);山东省气象局气象科学技术研究项目(2014sdqxm20);山东省气象科学研究所数值天气预报应用技术开放研究基金(SDQXKF2014Z05)。

摘　　要：应用探空资料对2009-2016年4-9月山东省205次雷暴大风天气过程的12个大气环境物理量参数进行统计分析,研究各月山东内陆和半岛地区雷暴大风物理量参数的月平均和阈值。结果表明,(1)T850-500、CAPE和K指数在内陆高于半岛,T850-500在4-6月明显高于7-9月,K指数和CAPE值在7-8月最高。(2)在4-6月T850-500≥26℃的比率50.0%~75.8%;在内陆6-8月、半岛8月CAPE≥500 J/kg的比率为50%~76.1%;在内陆4-5月、半岛5-6月DCAPE≥500 J/kg的比率为52.4%~57.1%;在7-8月K指数≥30℃的比率为58.3%~88.9%。(3)5-9月θse700-850月平均值<-1℃;7-8月SI的月平均值<1℃、LI的月平均值<0℃。(4)内陆4-5月、半岛4月和7-8月风暴强度指数≥250的比率在70%以上。内陆6-8月、半岛7-9月强天气威胁指数≥150的比率在75%以上。(5)内陆5-8月、半岛4-5月大风指数>17 m/s的比率在75%以上。(6)内陆4-5月、半岛4-6月和8-9月500 h Pa风速≥12 m/s的比率在84.0%以上,850 h Pa以偏南风为主,风速较小。Based on the data of the sounding station,12 physical parameters of 205 thunderstorms in Shandong from April to September of 2009—2016 were counted,and the monthly mean and threshold characteristics of physical parameters of thunderstorms in the inland and peninsula areas were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)T 850-500,CAPE,and K indices in the inland were all higher than that in the peninsula.T850-500 were significantly higher in April-June than that in July-September,and the K index and CAPE were the highest in July-August.(2)The ratio of T850-500≥26℃from April to June is 50.0%to 75.8%,and the ratio of CAPE≥500 J/kg in the inland from June to August and the peninsula in August is 50%to 76.1%.The ratio of K index≥30℃from July to August is 58.3%to 88.9%.The DCAPE in the inland from April to May and on the peninsula from May to June were higher and the ratios of that≥500 J/kg were 52.4%to 57.1%.(3)Theθse(700-850)averages were less than-1℃from May to September.From July to August,the monthly average of SI were less than 1℃and the monthly average of LI were less than 0℃.(4)The ratios of the storm intensity Index≥250 were more than 70%in the inland from April to May,in the peninsula in April and July-August.The ratios of the strong weather threat Index≥150 were more than 75%in the inland from June to August and on the peninsula from July to September.(5)The ratios of Gale Index(WI)in the inland from May to August and on the peninsula from April to May>17 were more than 75%.(6)The ratios of wind speed on 500 hPa≥12 m/s were more than 84.0%in the inland from April to May,on the peninsula from April to June,and from August to September.The south-southwest winds on the 850 hPa were the most and the wind speeds were smaller.

关 键 词：雷暴大风 物理量参数 山东内陆和半岛 统计特征 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]