塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地近地表输沙方向探测研究  

Detecting Research on Wind-blown Sand Characteristics at Different Directions near the Surface in the Hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert

作　　者：杨兴华[1] 周成龙[1] 杨帆[1] 霍文[1] 艾力·买买提依明 何清 刘新春 YANG Xinghua;ZHOU Chenglong;YANG Fan;HUO Wen;Ali Mamtimin;HE Qing;LIU Xinchun(Taklimakan Desert Meteorology Field Experiment Station of CMA/Institute of Desert Meteorology,CMA,Urumqi 830002,China;Xinjiang Meteorological Bureau,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所/中国气象局塔克拉玛干沙漠气象野外科学试验基地,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2019年第6期105-110,共6页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2017D01A84)。

摘　　要：利用塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地2008年3月-2018年2月实时探测的近地表沙粒运动数据,结合同步观测的气象和土壤等环境数据,分析了该地区近地表输沙方向特征,并基于输沙方向的观测事实,评估了几起沙风风向和输沙势为指标判定输沙方向方法的不确定性。结果表明:(1)塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地近10 a间累计发生风沙活动3 609.8 h,约占总观测时长的4.1%,春、夏、秋、冬起沙时长分别占总起沙时长的39.2%、45.1%、11.8%和3.8%;(2)起沙时风向主要为N-ESE 6组风向,占总起沙时长的68.8%;(3)利用起沙风风向确定的各方向起沙时长百分比分布与实测结果基本一致,二者相关系数r为0.94,各方向的输沙势百分比与起沙颗粒数二者的相关性较好,相关系数r为0.84~0.93。上述研究结果表明起沙风风向适合判定各方向起沙时长百分比;如果考虑起沙风风速变化,输沙势与各方向的输沙量百分比则更加一致。In this study,a detecting experiment on wind-blown sand characteristics at different directions near the surface in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert was carried out during the period from March 2008 to February 2018,and the characteristics of wind-blown sand at different directions were analyzed,then the uncertainties of judgment method of direction of wind-blown sand using sand-blown wind and drift potential as indexes were also assessed.Some preliminary conclusions are as follows:(1)During experiment period,the time of wind-blown sand was 3609.8 h,accounting for 4.1%of the experiment period.The time of wind-blown sand for spring,summer,autumn and winter respectively accounted for 39.2%,45.1%,11.8%and 3.8%of the total time of wind-blown sand.(2)The wind direction during wind-blown sand was mainly N to ESE,accounting for 68.8%of the total time of wind-blown sand.(3)The distributions of time of wind-blown sand in different directions judged by direction of wind-blown sand were largely consistent with measurement,the correlation coefficient was 0.94,the correlation coefficient between drift potential and amount of wind-blown sand in different directions was 0.85 to 0.93.The above research results indicated that the wind direction of wind-blown sand could be used to judge the time of wind-blown sand,and the drift potential was more suitable to judge the amount of wind-blown sand,if the changes of wind speed threshold were considered.

关 键 词：风沙活动 输沙方向 输沙势 塔克拉玛干沙漠 

分 类 号：P445[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]