我国华东与西南县域主要气象敏感性疾病变化特征及其医疗费用研究  

A Study on the Change Characteristics of Major Weather Sensitive Diseases and Their Medical Expenses in the County of Eastern and Western China

作　　者：王嘉鑫[1] 石彦军 卢山 冯鑫媛[1] 王式功[1] 张莹[1] WANG Jiaxin;SHI Yanjun;LU Shan;FENG Xinyuan;WANG Shigong;ZHANG Ying(Collegeof Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu,610225,China;College of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Meteorological Bureau of Yishui,Linyi 276400,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,四川成都610225 [2]兰州大学公共卫生学院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]沂水县气象局,山东临沂276400

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2019年第6期133-140,共8页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：中国气象局2019年软科学研究重点项目“医学气象学服务于全民大健康的应用研究”(2019ZDIANXM09);国家重点研发计划“全球变化及应对”重点专项(2016YFA0602004);成都信息工程大学引进人才项目(KYTZ201723)。

摘　　要：基于安徽省阜南县和贵州省锦屏县相关医疗机构的住院数据,首先分析两县疾病谱特征,然后从季节和24节气角度,分析两县主要气象敏感性疾病(因天气和气候异常变化而诱发或加重的相关疾病)住院人次和医疗费用的变化特征,确定重点防控时段。结果表明,阜南县和锦屏县人群中住院人次最多的疾病分别是循环和呼吸系统两大类气象敏感性疾病,医疗费用最高的前6位疾病都包含循环、呼吸和消化系统疾病,其三者医疗费用总和分别为两县总医疗费用的44.9%和45.8%,因此,从降低医疗费用的角度来看,加强这3类主要气象敏感性疾病的预防十分重要。此外,3种系统疾病医疗费用呈现出明显的季节变化特征:其中,循环系统疾病的医疗费用在季节转换期间明显高于各季节内,呼吸系统疾病冬春季的医疗费用远高于夏秋季节,消化系统疾病夏季医疗费用最高。此研究结果可为当地相关疾病的适时防控、有效降低医疗费用提供科学依据。In response to the current real problem of rising medical costs,based on the inpatient data of medical institutions in Funan county,Anhui province,and Jinping county,Guizhou province,and first analyze the characteristics of disease spectrum in the two counties,and then the characteristics of hospitalizations and medical expenses of the local main weather sensitive diseases(related diseases induced or aggravated by abnormal weather and climate changes)are analyzed from the seasons and 24 solar terms,find out the period of key prevention and control.The results showed that the most common diseases in Funan county and Jinping county were circulatory system disease and respiratory system disease respectively.The top six most expensive diseases all included circulatory system disease,respiratory system disease and digestive system disease,which accounted for 44.9%and 45.8%of the two counties medical expenses respectively.Therefore,it was important to strengthen the prevention of these three kinds of common weather sensitivity diseases from the perspective of reducing medical expenses.In addition,the medical costs of the three system diseases showed a distinct seasonal variation.The medical costs of the circulatory system diseases were significantly higher than those of the seasons during the seasonal switching period,the medical costs of the respiratory system diseases in the winter and spring were much higher than those in the summer and autumn,and the digestive system diseases had the highest medical costs in the summer.The results of this study could provide a scientific basis for timely prevention,control of local-related diseases and effective reduction of medical expenses.

关 键 词：气象敏感性疾病 疾病谱 医疗费用 季节变化 疾病防控 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]