土地流转类型影响农村劳动力转移机制的经济分析--基于全国2290份村级问卷的实证研究  

Economic Analysis on the influence of land transfer type on the transfer mechanism of rural labor force

作　　者：余戎[1] 王雅鹏[1] Yu Rong;Wang Yapeng

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学经济管理学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《经济问题探索》2020年第3期20-32,共13页Inquiry Into Economic Issues

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“新型城市化背景下农村劳动力外流对粮食生产的影响机理及对策研究”(13G1004),主持人:王雅鹏。

摘　　要：土地流转已经成为中国农村最为突出的经济现象,藉由土地流转促进农村劳动力的有序转移已经成为中国农业机械化、经营规模化和农村现代化的必经之路和应然选择。“三权分置”改革实现了“落实集体所有权、稳定农户承包权、放活土地经营权”的农村经济发展目标并有效推动了农村劳动力的跨行业和跨区域转移。然而中国农村土地类型多样、地貌差别较大,研究土地流转促进农村劳动力转移的机制必须就耕地流转类型、林地流转类型、牧地流转类型和宅基地流转类型进行差异性分析,只有这样才能得出土地流转促进农村劳动力转移的科学结论。本文以全国31个省省级单位2290份村级调查问卷为基础,优选了4个被解释变量、8个解释变量和19个控制变量,利用多元LOGISTIC模型实证分析了土地流转类型影响农村劳动力转移的差别化机制,指出不同土地类型作用于农村劳动力转移的效度不同,提出了加强平原地区耕地流转、林业地区林地流转、牧业地区牧地流转和宅基地流转进而促进各地理要素农村劳动力转移的差异化措施。land transfer has become the most prominent economic phenomenon in Chinas rural areas.Promoting the orderly transfer of rural labor force through land transfer has become the only way and choice for Chinas agricultural mechanization,management scale and rural modernization.The reform of"Three Rights Separation"has achieved the goal of rural economic development of"implementing collective ownership,stabilizing farmers' contracting right,releasing land management right",and effectively promoted the cross industry and cross regional transfer of rural labor force.However,the types of rural land in China are diverse and the landforms are quite different.To study the mechanism of land transfer to promote the transfer of rural labor,we must analyze the differences among the types of cultivated land transfer,forest land transfer,pastoral transfer and homestead transfer.Only in this way can we draw a scientific conclusion that land transfer can promote the transfer of rural labor.Based on 2290 village level questionnaires from 31 provinces in China,this paper selects 4 explanatory variables,8 explanatory variables and 19 control variables,uses multiple logistic model to analyze the differential mechanism of land transfer types affecting rural labor transfer,points out that different land types have different effects on rural labor transfer,and proposes to strengthen the farmland transfer in plain areas,forest land transfer,pastoral land transfer and homestead transfer in animal husbandry areas to promote the transfer of geographical factors of rural labor.

关 键 词：土地流转 农村劳动力 土地荒废率 土地市场发育 模型实证 

分 类 号：F301.1[经济管理—产业经济]