多种局部供冷方式下人体热反应特性  

Human Thermal Responses with Various Local Cooling Methods

作　　者：李念平[1] 李娜 何颖东 何梅玲[1] 李甲 颜金波 谭畅 LI Nianping;LI Na;HE Yingdong;HE Meiling;LI Jia;YAN Jinbo;TAN Chang(College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期140-148,共9页Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51878225)。

摘　　要：研究了热湿环境中不同局部供冷方式(辐射、传导、对流)下人体热反应特性.通过在热湿室内环境的试验房间内试验,收集人体主观反应数据,分析不同局部供冷方式对人体局部与整体产生的舒适效果差异.试验结果表明,在热湿环境中不同局部供冷方式作用下受试者达到稳定状态所需时间不同,局部对流供冷小于5 min、局部传导供冷10 min、局部辐射供冷20 min后受试者可达到稳定.对照组中对整体热反应影响程度较大的身体部位为颈部、大腿、背部;而在不同局部供冷作用下,对整体热反应影响最大的部位发生变化,变为被直接冷却的身体部位,分别为上臂(辐射)、前臂(传导)及头部(对流).根据热舒适投票值进行回归分析,环境温度低于27.55℃时,局部辐射供冷方式最优;27.55~28.96℃时,局部对流供冷方式最优;高于28.96℃时,局部传导供冷方式最优.This paper studies the thermal responses of human subjects with different local cooling methods(radi-ation,conduction and convection)in hot-humid environments.Through experiments in the hot-humid environments in the experimental room,the data of subjective feelings were collected and the different effects generated by different local cooling methods on the local and overall thermal comfort were then analyzed.The obtained results showed that the time before subjects reached static-state condition differed with different local cooling:the time was less than 5 minutes with local convective cooling;the time was 10 minutes with conductive cooling and 20 minutes with local ra-diant cooling.In the reference condition,necks,legs and backs exerted large effects on overall subjective responses.When local cooling was applied,the local body parts which exerted large effects were those which were locally cooled directly,like upper-arms(local radiation),lower-arms(local conduction)and heads(local convection).Moreover,ac-cording to the regression results of the thermal comfort vote at 26/28/30℃,it is the best to choose local radiant cooling when the ambient temperature is lower than 27.55℃,local convective cooling with the ambient temperature at 27.55-28.96℃,and local conductive cooling with the ambient temperature higher than 28.96℃,respectively.

关 键 词：热感觉 热舒适 局部供冷 

分 类 号：TU831.4[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]