“三权”分置背景下农户土地流转决策的 形成机理与实证检验——基于湖北省672户农户的调研  

Formation Mechanism and Empirical Study of Farmers Land Transfer Decision Under the Background of“Three Rights Separation”Policy:Evidence From Hubei Province with Survey of 672 Farmers

作　　者：彭开丽[1] PENG Kaili

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学土地管理学院/湖北农村发展研究中心,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第2期116-127,共12页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“产权制度激励下农户土地流转决策的形成机理、福利效应与政策供给”(71973050);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“农村土地流转中农业转移人口和农民福祉比较与差别化补偿政策研究”(17YJA630075)。

摘　　要：农地“三权”分置是继家庭联产承包责任制之后农村改革的又一重大制度创新,为剖析该政策背景下农户土地流转决策的形成机理,优化中国现有土地产权制度的激励作用,本文结合湖北省农户调研数据,基于计划行为理论构建“三权”分置背景下农户土地流转决策形成机理的理论分析框架,并运用结构方程模型进行行为态度、知觉行为控制和流转决策3个潜变量、情景因素等19个可观测变量之间的影响路径分析,最后对不同流转主体、流转方式、流转机制和不同试点区域的农户进行多群组对比分析。研究结果表明:①农户的行为态度和知觉行为控制对其流转决策有显著的正向影响。最能反映行为态度、知觉行为控制和流转决策的因子分别是“认为该政策能够稳定土地产权”“对政策内涵的了解程度”和“采取主动措施准备土地流转”。②村级土地产权安全性、农户流转经历和主观规范等情景因素对农户土地流转决策既有直接影响,也通过影响行为态度和知觉行为控制对流转决策有间接影响。③“三权”分置背景下农户土地流转决策的形成机理在不同类型农户间存在差异,应针对不同类型农户制定差别化的激励措施,以引导农户进行土地有序流转,提高农地流转效率。并通过积极探索“三权”分置的多种实现形式,激励农户进一步做出帕累托改进的流转决策。The farmland“three rights separation”policy which was enacted in 2016 is a totally new land property policy in China.To analyze the influencing mechanism of the policy on farms land transfer decision and improve the incentive function of China s rural land property rights policy,multigroup comparative analysis based on the theory of planned behavior and the method of structural equation modeling is employed in the paper.The results show that:(1)Behavior attitude and perceptual behavior control of farmers have significant positive impact on farmers land transfer decision.At the same time,the belief that the policy can stabilize land tenure can best reflect farmers behavior attitude.The degree of understanding of policy connotation can best reflect perceptual behavior control.And taking proactive measures to carry out land transfer can best reflect farmers transfer decision;(2)Situational factors such as land tenure security,transfer experience,and subjective norms have direct impact on farmers land transfer decision,and also have indirect impact on the decision through influencing the behavior attitude and the perceptual behavior control.(3)The formation mechanism of the“three rights separation”policy for farmer s land transfer decision is various among different transfer subjects,different transfer ways,different transfer mechanisms and different pilot areas.Thus,the theory of planned behavior can explain the influencing mechanism of farmer s decision on land transfer well.Moreover,incentive measures should have different emphasis on different type farmers to improve the efficiency of farmland transfer,and related laws,regulations and policy measures matched the“three rights separation”policy should be formulated to help farmers make further decision on land transfer.

关 键 词：“三权”分置 土地流转 流转决策 计划行为理论 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]