云南农村基层医务工作者慢性阻塞性肺疾病认知情况调查和短期培训效果  

Awareness and Short-term Training Effectiveness of Basic Knowledge about Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease among Rural Primary Medical Workers in Yunnan Province

作　　者：业秀林[1] 杨姣[1] 李敏[1] 方雁[1] 田熙[1] 朱文卓[2] YE Xiu-lin;YANG Jiao;LI Min;FAN Yan;TIANG Xi;ZHU Wen-zhuo(Dept.of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Yunnan Kunming 650031,China;Dept.of Endocrinology,The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Yunnan Kunming 650031,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第一附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科,云南昆明650031 [2]昆明医科大学第一附属医院内分泌二科,云南昆明650031

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2020年第2期43-48,共6页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：云南省科技厅-昆明医科大学应用基础研究联合专项基金资助项目[2018FE001(-028)]。

摘　　要：目的了解云南省农村基层医务工作者对慢性阻塞性肺疾病防治基本知识的知晓率和短期继续医学教育培训效果,探讨提高基层医务工作者相关知识和技能的有效方法。方法2018年1月至2018年11月间选取云南昭通地区5个县的县医院及乡镇医院、村卫生所的医务工作者共计464人为调查及培训对象,采用流动学校形式开展慢性阻塞性肺疾病继续教育培训,在培训前后采用问卷调查法了解知识掌握情况。结果(1)培训前基层医师有慢性阻塞性肺疾病筛查意识的仅有24.6%(114人),筛查方式主要依靠胸片59.5%(276人)和临床表现66.4%(308人),而很少采用肺功能检查进行筛查7.8%(36人),培训后96.1%(446人)的基层医师表示在日常工作中会对有高危因素的患者进行筛查,筛查方式也能得到积极纠正;(2培训前基层医师对慢性阻塞性肺疾病定义、诊断标准、肺功能严重程度分级标准、综合评估分组标准的知晓率均较低,分别为23.3%(108人)、31%(144人)、34.5%(160人)、5.2%(24人),对肺功能检查的适应症、禁忌症、通气功能常用指标的判读、支气管舒张舒张和激发实验的诊断标准知晓率,仅有21.1%(98人)、9.9%(46人)、7.3%(34人)、13.4%(62人)、9.9%(46人),经短期培训后,研究对象对相关知识的知晓率明显改善。结论云南省农村基层医务人员慢性阻塞性肺疾病认知情况差,短期培训可以有效提高基层医务人员对慢性阻塞性疾病的认知水平。Objective To investigate the awareness of rural medical staff on the basic knowledge of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)control and prevention in Yunnan province,investigate the effectiveness of short-term training and to explore effective methods to improve the knowledge and skills of rural medical staff.Methods From January 2018 to November 2018,464 medic staff in the county hospitals and township hospitals in 5 counties of Zhaotong,Yunnan province were selected as the subjects for the survey and training.We carried out trainings in the form of mobile schools.Questionnaires were used before and after the training.Results(1)Only 24.6%(114)of the medical staff had a screening awareness for COPD before training.Pre-training,the main screening method were chest X-rays(59.5%(276))and clinical manifestations(66.4%(308)).Only 7.8%(36)used pulmonary function test to screen.After training,96.1%(446)of medical staff indicated that patients with high risk factors would be screened by pulmonary function test in daily work.(2 Pre-training medical staff had lower awareness of the knowledge about the definition,diagnostic criteria,lung function severity grading standards,and comprehensive assessment grouping criteria of COPD.The percentage of trainees with the awareness were 23.3%(108),31%(144),34.5%(160)and 5.2%(24)respectively.The percentage of trainees with the knowledge of the accuracy of the indications,contraindications,common indicators of pulmonary function test,diagnostic criteria for bronchodilator diastolic and stimulating experiments were only 21.1%(98),9.9%(46),7.3%(34),13.4%(62 and 9.9%(46)respectively.After the short-term training,the research subjects'awareness of knowledge has been improved significantly.Conclusion The awareness of COPD in rural medical staff in Yunnan Province is poor.Short-term training can effectively improve the level of basic knowledge of COPD among medical staff.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 知晓率 培训 调查 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]