特朗普政府对华贸易战的主要特征及影响研究  

A Study on the Main Features and Impacts of the Trump Administration’s Trade War with China

作　　者：刘建江[1] 胡悦 李喜梅 LIU Jian-jiang;HU Yue;LI Xi-mei(School of Economics and Management,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410114)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学经济与管理学院,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《商学研究》2020年第1期15-25,共11页Commercial Science Research

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大招标课题攻关项目“发达国家‘再工业化’对中国制造转型升级的影响及对策研究”(项目编号:17JZD022)。

摘　　要：在“美国优先”执政理念之下,以贸易失衡与“不公平贸易”为逻辑假设,以美国优势为逻辑支撑,特朗普政府发动了以遏制中国持续崛起势头为核心目标的对华贸易战,逐步体现出如下特征:一是整体遏制与精准遏制相结合;二是长期战略遏制与短期战术遏制相结合;三是用国内法取代国际法作为法理基础和支撑;四是多举措并行来强化贸易战的遏制效果;五是在竞争的前提下寻求合作机会。对华贸易战对中国的影响包括全局性与长期性影响、局部性与短期性影响两大方面。对此,中方要做好长期应战准备,继续深化改革开放,完善市场经济体制,推进经济高质量发展,合规推进中国制造2025,提升自身综合实力;优化中国经济发展外部环境,继续扩大中美互补性经贸领域,扩大双方利益交集,努力减缓美国战略焦虑,管控竞争,降低冲突裂度,同时发挥“一带一路”功效,广泛联合其他力量来化解美国压力。Bearing the concept of“America first”,the Trump administration launched a trade war with China with the core goal of containing China’s continuous rise,taking trade imbalance and“unfair trade”as the logical hypothesis and the US advantage as the logical support,gradually showing the following characteristics:First,combining overall containment and precise containment;second,combining long-term strategic containment and short-term tactical containment;third,replacing international law with domestic law as legal basis and support;fourth,taking multiple measures to strengthen the containment effect of the trade war;fifth,seeking cooperation opportunities under the premise of competition.The impact of a trade war with China on China includes the overall and long-term effects,the local and short-term effects.Therefore,China should be ready for a long-term response,continue to deepen reform and opening up,improve the market economy,promote high-quality economic development,promote made in China 2025 in compliance,and enhance its comprehensive strength.We will optimize the external environment for China’s economic development,continue to expand the areas of trade and economic complementarity between the United States and China,expand the overlap of interests between the two sides,work hard to ease U.S.strategic anxiety,manage competition,and reduce the conflict gap.

关 键 词：特朗普政府 对华贸易战 美国优先 战略竞争对手 

分 类 号：F757.12[经济管理—国际贸易] F741.2[经济管理—产业经济]