儿童误服中毒的临床研究  

A clinical study of accidental poisoning in children

作　　者：庄婉莉[1] 余健澄 许燕璇 谢燕銮 杜太峰 Zhuang Wanli;Yu Jiancheng;Xu Yanxuan;Xie Yanluan;Du Taifeng(Shantou Central Hospital,Shantou 515031,China;Medical College,Shantou University,Shantou 515041,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头市中心医院,515031 [2]汕头大学医学院,515041

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2020年第6期802-804,共3页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

摘　　要：目的通过临床资料分析,以减少儿童因误服中毒导致的意外伤害事件发生。方法通过分析汕头市中心医院急诊儿科2018年8月至2019年7月期间儿童误服中毒病例的临床资料,了解其误服中毒药物品种特点、年龄、性别差异、季节差异、区域特点。结果总计44例,男29例(65.9%),女15例(34.1%);1~3岁幼儿高发,共32例(72.7%);来自农村37例(84.1%),城市7例(15.9%);33例(75.0%)发生误服中毒时由老人看管,11例(25.0%)例由父母看管时发生;误服中毒药物品种有抗高血压药、抗精神病药、煤油、含农药青菜或食物、松节水、消毒剂等。结论从婴儿期有主动抓拿意识开始,家长应高度警惕预防误服药物可能,特别是农村地区由老人看护儿童者,建议通过医院、幼儿园、社区、媒体宣教,针对不同年龄阶段加强家长安全教育常识等措施,从家庭看护人、政府、医疗机构等各方面有效防范儿童误服药物的发生。Objective To reduce the incidence of accidental injuries caused by accidental poisoning in children through the analysis of clinical data.Methods By analyzing the clinical data of the children with accidental poisoning in Emergency Department of Shantou Central Hospital from August 2018 to July 2019,the characteristics of drug varieties,age,gender differences,seasonal differences,and regional characteristics were analyzed.Results There were 44 cases,including 29 boys(65.9%)and 15 girls(34.1%).There was a high incidence in the 1-3 years old children,accounting for 72.7%(32/44).Among the 44 cases,37 were from rural areas,accounting for 84.1%,and 7case(15.9%)from city;33 cases(75.0%)were taken care of by the elderly when they were poisoned by mistake,and 11 cases(25.0%)by their parents.The varieties of poisoning drugs were antihypertensive drugs,antipsychotics,kerosene,vegetables or food containing pesticides,turpentine,disinfectant,etc.Conclusions Parents should be aware of the possibility of taking drugs by mistake,especially in rural areas where the elderly care for children.It is suggested to strengthen the common sense of parents'safety education through hospital,kindergarten,community and media education,and to effectively prevent children from taking drugs by mistake from family caregivers,government,medical institutions and other aspects.

关 键 词：儿童 中毒 急诊 流行病学 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]