美国“人权”外交幕后的霸权追求  

The Hegemonic Pursuit Behind the American "Human Rights" Diplomacy

作　　者：王黎 Wang Li

机构地区：[1]吉林大学公共外交学院

出　　处：《学术前沿》2020年第3期44-49,87,共7页Frontiers

摘　　要：虽然美国自建国以来就把人权概念纳入其对外关系,但它在崛起过程中从未尊重邻国的主权和原住民的权利。相反,信奉“天定命运”的美国历届政府渲染对世界承担的责任,其中包括与任何践踏人权的国家进行斗争。这种傲慢的心理不仅把美国的全球责任与具体的国家利益相脱节,而且对其核心利益与边缘利益不加区分地混淆一起。美国“人权外交”始于冷战时期,其原因是服务于它在全球的竞争—保护美国的国家安全与全球利益,同时在海外推动美国的人权标准和民主价值。然而,在现实运作中,美国不仅意在推行单边主义,而且深受国内政治因素的影响。结果,人权问题成为美国与包括第三世界国家在内的大多数国家关系中最复杂和尖锐的问题之一。Although the United States incorporated the concept of human rights into its foreign relations when it was founded,it has never respected the sovereignty of its neighbors and the rights of the indigenous people during its rise.On the contrary the previous American governments,who believed in"Manifest Destiny",have played up their responsibilities to the world,including fighting against any country that violates human rights.This arrogant mentality not only separates the global responsibility of the United States from the specific national interests,but also blends its core interests with the marginal interests indiscriminately The"human rights diplomacy"of the United States began in the Cold War.The purpose was to serve its global competition-protect the national security and global interests of the United States,and to promote the human rights standards and democratic values of the United States overseas.However;in reality the United States is not only intended to pursue unilateralism,but is also deeply influenced by domestic political factors.As a result,the human rights issue has become one of the most complex and acute issues around the relationships between the United States and most countries,including the third world countries.

关 键 词：“人权”外交 霸权 美国 中国 和平崛起 

分 类 号：D082[政治法律—政治学]